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研究生: 邱建智
Chiu, Chien-Chih
論文名稱: 監測自動化系統C程式之建立
Development of Automatic C Program for Measurement
指導教授: 朱聖浩
Ju, Shen-Haw
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 114
中文關鍵詞: 監測系統資料擷取
外文關鍵詞: monitoring system, data acquisition
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  • 臺灣地處環太平洋地震帶,又經常受到颱風的侵襲,故結構物的安全性就必須要非常的重視。近幾年來時常發生斷橋、邊坡滑落等災害的發生,又受到日本311東北大地震的影響,臺灣亦開始重視核電廠的結構物安全性,若能有效利用監測系統於結構物上,當可得知結構物的位移與速度變化,可推測結構物可能發生事故的位置與時間,並適時維修預防災害事故的發生。
    有鑑於此,本研究主要目的在於開發與研究監測系統程式,並將此程式定位為自由軟體提供給各界免費使用,其中軟體方面使用C語言,硬體方面則包含資料擷取卡(DAQ)、積分器、加速度規。資料擷取卡使用National Instruments (NI)公司製造的NI USB-6218資料擷取卡。本程式使用方式十分簡單,只需要輸入選擇頻道、電壓範圍、檔案名稱等等,即可自動由電腦收集資料存檔,並將量測到的電壓值顯示於螢幕上。若電腦效能夠好,頻道選擇之數目即可無限制。程式開發完後,使用INSTRON萬能試驗機進行振動實驗,用以檢驗此監測系統的精準度。將實驗值與理論值比較,在頻率域下本監測系統程式的誤差大約都在4%~7%,此誤差屬於可接受範圍內。

    Taiwan, which is often invaded by typhoons, is located on the Circum-Pacific seismic belt. Therefore, the safety of the structure should be considered seriously. In recent years, we often heard the disasters, such as the bridge failure, the hillside slide and the earthquake. Due to the impact of 311 northeast earthquake in Japan, Taiwan starts to focus on the structure safety of the nuclear power plant. If we apply the monitoring system to a structure, the changes of its displacement and velocity can be detected. Then, the time and location of the accident of the structure can be predicted to prevent disasters timely.
    For this reason, the main purpose of this study is to develop a monitoring system program, and will further provide this program for the public to use. The monitoring system program is written by the C language. The hardware includes the data acquisition card (DAQ), the integrator, and the accelerometer. The data acquisition card is NI USB-6218, which is manufactured by the National Instruments (NI). The monitoring system program is very simple to use. The users only need to input the channel, the voltage range and file name, etc. Then the computer will collect the data and keep in a file automatically, and show the measured voltage value on the screen. If the computer is fast enough and the number of channels will not be constrained. After the development of the program, an experiment was using the INSTRON machine to test the accuracy of the monitoring system. The experimental value is compared with the theoretical value, and the error rate is about 4% to 7% in frequency domain, which is within an acceptable range.

    摘要 I Abstract II 誌謝 III 表目錄 V 圖目錄 VI 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與目的 1 1.2 文獻回顧 1 1.3 研究方法簡述 3 第二章 硬體介紹 4 2.1 概要 4 2.2 監測儀器介紹 4 第三章 監測軟體說明 25 3.1 概要 25 3.2 安裝量測程式 25 3.3 National Instruments量測系統 31 3.4 訊號類型 33 3.5 函式說明 34 3.5.1 量測電壓函式 34 3.5.2 繪圖函式、巨集、結構體 40 第四章 監測程式設計說明 51 4.1 概要 51 4.2 程式設計說明 51 第五章 監測系統程式操作 75 5.1 概要 75 5.2 硬體連接 75 5.3 圖示解說程式操作步驟 79 5.4 監測系統程式設定 81 5.5 實際量測 86 第六章 實測說明 88 6.1 概要 88 6.2 實驗說明 88 6.3 實驗結果 91 6.4 實驗誤差討論 92 第七章 結論與建議 94 7.1 結論 94 7.2 建議與應用 94 參考文獻 96 附錄 98

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