研究背景與目的：老男性是自殺死亡的高危險群，因此及早篩檢重鬱症十分重要。然而，此族群重鬱症因老化及經常共病身體疾病等因素，使得診斷不易，容易被基層醫療照護者忽略或誤診。本研究擬探討老男性重鬱症的臨床特徵，及與身體疾病的關係，藉以提昇對此族群重鬱症之重視與診斷能力。
研究方法：受試者為70歲（含）以上，無失智症病史老男性。第一步以Mini-Mental State Examination (以下簡稱MMSE），排除目前懷疑失智症，或認知功能障礙無法配合會談的個案。第二步以Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (以下簡稱MINI) 確定目前有無重鬱症發作，或共病其他精神疾病。第三步以revised Geriatric Depression Scale－Short Form (以下簡稱GDS) 評估憂鬱程度。最後以詢問病史及病歷回顧方式，確定其身體疾病。
研究結果：低教育程度、認知功能缺損（尤其在注意力與計算能力）為老男性重鬱症之危險因子，不論其是否共病身體疾病。糖尿病、惡性疾病可能會增加罹患重鬱症的危險。雖然，高血壓不是重鬱症的危險因子，但共病血管性身體疾病的高血壓患者，其重鬱症盛行率及憂鬱程度均顯著高於無併發症的高血壓患者。
結論：當面對低教育程度、認知功能缺損的老男性，應警覺並主動篩檢重鬱症。對於高血壓患者，應及早篩檢並治療重鬱症，以降低日後產生其他血管性疾病之併發症。本研究結果可提升基層醫師對老男性重鬱症的警覺與重視，提供篩檢時更多資訊。

Objectives: The older men have the highest rates of suicide. However, major depression is often misdiagnosed or overlooked by primary care providers due to the mixed symptoms of aging and comorbid physical illness in this population. The study examined the characteristics of major depression and the relationship between major depression and physical illness in older men.

Methods: Older (aged 70 years or older) men were recruited, excluding suspected cases of dementia assessed through Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Specialist physicians obtained past histories of physical illnesses through chart reviews and further history taking. Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to assess a current major depressive episode and the revised Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS) was used to measure the severity of depression.

Results: The depressed older men had lower educational level, more cognitive impairment (especially in concentration and calculation) than the non-depressed ones. Diabetes and malignant diseases might be the risk factors for major depression in older men. Hypertension might not be the risk factor for depression, but the prevalence of major depression and severity of depression increased in the hypertensive older men comorbid with vascular diseases than the uncomplicated hypertensive ones.

Conclusion: Clinicians should pay more attention to the elder men with lower educational level and cognitive impairment for major depression screening. Major depression should be diagnosed and treated early in the hypertensive men to decrease the complication. This study provides more characteristics of elderly depression for primary care providers to increase the awareness in older men.

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