本研究針對碳鋼和耐候鋼經過鹽霧乾濕循環試驗，再施以不同溫度和時間的烘烤處理後，透過掃描式電子顯微鏡（Scanning Electron Microscope，SEM）、X光繞射儀（X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy，XRD）、傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀（Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy，FTIR）、X光光電子能譜儀（X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy，XPS）、熱重 / 熱差分析儀（Thermogravimetric Analyzer，TGA / Differential Thermal Analyzer，DTA）、能量散佈光譜儀（Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy，EDS）分析，探討烘烤處理和磷、稀土元素含量對其銹層結構、形貌與化學組成之影響，並嘗試探討銹層的生成機制。

SEM觀察顯示，銹層存在內、外兩層結構，內層較為緻密而外層較為疏鬆，磷含量較高的耐候鋼其銹層較為緻密；烘烤處理後銹層的緻密性會有所提昇。XRD、FTIR、XPS分析結果顯示，對於不同化學組成的耐候鋼，未經烘烤處理及烘烤溫度120 ℃的銹層，腐蝕產物組成為α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、非晶質銹和Fe3O4。內銹層中α-FeOOH和Fe3O4的相對含量皆較高，外銹層則是皆以γ-FeOOH為主。磷含量較高的耐候鋼有較高的α-FeOOH相對於γ-FeOOH之繞射強度比值（Iα / Iγ），並且抑制β-FeOOH的生成，有助於促進銹層結構轉化。烘烤溫度較高( > 150 ℃)時，轉化成大量的非晶質銹層。TGA / DTA分析結果顯示，銹層經過較高溫的烘烤處理後，會產生脫水反應，轉化為非晶質銹層。EDS分析結果顯示，磷均勻分佈在銹層中，而稀土元素則無法被偵測到。

綜合上述分析結果，耐候鋼中高磷含量的添加有助於促進銹層結構轉化、改善銹層形貌、組成的效果；而稀土元素對於銹層性質的影響則不顯著。在150 ℃以上的烘烤處理條件下，銹層轉化為非晶質銹層，促進銹層結構的轉化，對於耐候鋼的加速模擬試驗提供一個可能的方向。

The structure, morphology, and composition of rust formed after wet/dry cyclic exposure tests and different baking treatments, were determined and analyzed by using SEM、XRD、FTIR、XPS、TGA / DTA and EDS. The steels included carbon steel and weathering steels containing various phosphorus and rare earth elements. Furthermore, rust layer formation mechanism was also discussed.

SEM observation showed that the as-formed rust film consisted of two distinct layers. The inner layer was compact while the outer was porous. A more compact rust film was observed with baking, especially for that formed on the steel surface with a higher phosphorus content. XRD, FTIR, and XPS analysis showed that the as-formed and 120 ℃ baking rust consisted of α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide and Fe3O4. The results also indicated that α-FeOOH and Fe3O4 were the major species at the inner layer, while γ-FeOOH was dominant at the outer layer. For the steels with higher phosphorous contents, a higher diffraction intensity ratio between α-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH (Iα / Iγ) was found and the formation of β-FeOOH was inhibited. When baked at temperature above 150 ℃, phase transformation in the rust occurred, resulting in the formation of amorphous product. TGA / DTA analysis showed that at a higher baking temperature, dehydrated reaction occurred and phase transformation in the rust occurred, resulting in the formation of amorphous product. EDS analysis showed that P were uniformly distributed within the rust film while rare earth elements almost was not detected.

Comprehensively, weathering steels with higher P addition assisted in structure transformation. The morphology and composition were improved, but the effect of rare earth was not remarkable. With baking treatment was above 150 ℃, phase transformation in the rust occurred, resulting in the formation of amorphous product.

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