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研究生：	吳宗達 Arifin, Zainal
論文名稱：	整合風力發電機與自動變速器之構形設計 Configuration Design of Wind Power Generators with Integrated Automatic Transmission
指導教授：	顏鴻森 Yan, Hong-Sen
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 機械工程學系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2011
畢業學年度：	99
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	85
中文關鍵詞：	風力發電機、自動變速器、構型設計、行星齒輪系、創意性機構設計、基本迴路法
外文關鍵詞：	wind power generator, automatic transmission, configuration design, planetary gear train, creative mechanism design, fundamental circuit
相關次數：	點閱：186 下載：4
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本研究針對風力發電機之行星齒輪傳動系統提供一套系統化新型設計方法，分別為構造合成、運動設計、及功流分析。此外，新型設計概念之傳動系統使用汽車自動變速機構，以取代傳統的傳動設計。
首先探討風力發電機與自動變速器之操作系統，考慮一種現有自動變速機構，分析其七桿行星齒輪之拓樸特性，並且訂定設計需求與限制，再透過創意性機構設計方法合成出十九種行星齒輪系之新型設計。接著，使用基本迴路法進行行星齒輪系之運動設計，求得行星齒輪系各齒輪之轉速。再者，藉由指定發電機之性能、葉片動量元素法及機械性能傳遞估算，推導出風力發電機之功流分析。
本研究針對風力發電機傳動系統提出一套新型設計概念，合成出七桿行星齒輪系之新型設計，並且探討各式新型設計之運動特性；再者本研究亦針對風力發電機估計系統所能提供之功能狀況。

This work presents a systematic approach for designing a new planetary transmission system inside a wind power generator, including structural synthesis, kinematic design, and power flow analysis. The new concept of the transmission system is to replace the traditional transmission with a vehicle automatic transmission. The operating systems of the wind power generator and automatic transmission are studied. Based on the existing design of an automatic transmission, the topological characteristics of its 7-link planetary gear train are established, the design requirements and constraints are concluded, and Yan’s creative mechanism design methodology is applied to generate 19 new designs of 7-link planetary gear trains. The kinematic design of a synthesized planetary gear train is performed by using the fundamental circuit approach in order to obtain the rotational speed of each gear of the planetary gear train. In addition, the power flow analysis of the wind power generator is derived under the designated generator based on the blade element momentum theory and the estimated mechanical performances of the transmission. In conclusion, a new concept of transmission system inside a wind power generator is introduced, new designs of 7-link planetary gear trains are synthesized, kinematic characteristics of each new planetary gear train are concluded, and the methods for calculating the power flow inside the wind power generator are provided.

CONTENTS
 
ABSTRACT	I
摘要	II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT	III
CONTENTS	V
LIST OF TABLES	VIII
LIST OF FIGURES	IX
NOMENCLATURES	XI
Chapter 1 Introduction	1
1.1 Motivations	1
1.2 Objectives	2
1.3 Literature Reviews	3
1.4 Thesis Organization	5
Chapter 2 The Existing Design	8
2.1 Wind Power Generators	8
2.1.1 Historical development	8
2.1.2 Classifications	9
2.1.3 Structure and operation	9
2.2 Automatic Transmissions	13
2.2.1 Torque converter	14
2.2.2 Planetary gear trains	15
2.3 Topological Structure	17
2.4 Summary	19

Chapter 3 Conceptual Design	20
3.1 Wind Power Generator with an Integrated Automatic	20
Transmission	20
3.2 Design Procedure	21
3.2.1 Design specifications	21
3.2.2 Patent search	23
3.2.3 Structural synthesis and evaluation	23
3.2.4 Kinematic analysis	24
3.2.5 Power flow analysis	24
3.3 Structural Synthesis	24
3.3.1 Generalized kinematic chains	25
3.3.2 Number synthesis	27
3.3.3 Design requirements and constraints	27
3.3.4 Specialized chains	33
3.3.5 Particularization	38
3.3.6 Atlas of new designs	38
3.4 Fundamental Circuits and Displacement Graphs	43
3.5 Design Evaluation	44
3.6 Summary	47
Chapter 4 Kinematic Design	48
4.1 Kinematic Equations	48
4.2 Gear Ratio	49
4.2.1 Teeth numbers	49
4.2.2 Module	50
4.3 Rotation Speed Analysis	53
4.4 Summary	58
Chapter 5 Power Flow Analysis	59
5.1 Characteristics of the Generators	59
5.2 Blade Element Momentum	60
5.2.1 Momentum theory	61
5.2.2 Blade element theory	63
5.2.3 Blade element momentum equations	65
5.2.4 Blade design procedure	66
5.2.5 Results	68
5.3 Torque Converter Performance	71
5.4 Planetary Gear Performance	73
5.5 Summary	75
Chapter 6 Conclusions and Suggestions	77
6.1 Conclusions	77
6.2 Suggestions	78
REFERENCES	80
VITA	83
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT (作者權聲明)	85
 
LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1  Gear ratio combination of planetary gear trains [23]	16
Table 4.1  Pitch diameter of each gear of the planetary gear trains	51
Table 4.2  Gear ratios of the planetary gear trains	52
Table 4.3  Rotation speed of planetary gear trains (case 1)	54
Table 4.4  Rotation speed of planetary gear trains (case 2)	55
Table 4.5  Rotation speed of planetary gear trains (case 3)	56
Table 5.1  Generator specifications [29]	60
Table 5.2  BEM solutions at all points	69
Table 5.3  BEM calculation of torque	70
Table 5.4  Performance of the torque converter	73

 
LIST OF FIGURES

Fig 1.1   Organization of the thesis	7
Fig 2.1   Sizes of wind power generators [1]	10
Fig 2.2   Types of wind power generators [17]	11
Fig 2.3   Internal parts of a big size wind power generator [19]	12
Fig 2.4   Energy flow inside a wind power generator [19]	13
Fig 2.5   Torque converter [21]	14
Fig 2.6   A planetary gear train [1]	16
Fig 2.7   Chevrolet powerglide automatic transmission [24]	18
Fig 3.1   The new design wind power generator	21
Fig 3.2   Design flowchart	22
Fig 3.3   Procedure of mechanism structural synthesis [8]	25
Fig 3.4   Generalized kinematic chain of the planetary gear train	27
Fig 3.5   Atlas of (7,10) generalized kinematic chains	28
Fig 3.6   Atlas of specialized chains with identified ground link	34
Fig 3.7   Atlas of specialized chains with identified ground link and carrier	36
Fig 3.8   Atlas of feasible specialized chains	39
Fig 3.9   Atlas of synthesized planetary gear trains	41
Fig 3.10  A planetary gear and its displacement graph	43
Fig 3.11  Displacement graph of Fig. 3.9(a)-2b planetary gear train	45
Fig 3.12  Displacement graph of Fig. 3.9(b)-31d planetary gear train	45
Fig 3.13  Displacement graph of Fig. 3.9(c)-33c planetary gear train	46
Fig 3.14  Displacement graph of Fig. 3.9(d)-45e planetary gear train	46
Fig 5.1   Axial stream tube	61
Fig 5.2   Rotating annular stream tube	62
Fig 5.3   Blade element model	63
Fig 5.4   Force on the turbine blade	64
Fig 5.5   BEM iteration flow chart	66
Fig 5.6   Lift and drag coefficients for NACA 0012 [31]	68


                                    

REFERENCES

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[4] Hsieh, L. C., “On the Mechanical Efficiency of Planetary Differential Transmission (in Chinese),” Master Thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, 1988.
[5] Hsieh, L. C. and Yan, H. S., “On the Mechanical Efficiency of Continuously Variable Transmissions with Planetary Gear Trains,” International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol.11, No. 2, pp. 176-187, 1990.
[6] Yan, H. S. and Hsieh, L. C., “Maximum Mechanical Efficiency of Infinitely Variable Transmissions,” Mechanism and Machine Theory, Vol. 29, No. 5, pp. 777-784, 1994.
[7] Mucino, V. H., Smith, J. E., and Sharma, P. K., “A Double Planetary Gear Train-CVT Transmission with Multiple Applications,” SAE 950094, 1995.
[8] Yan, H. S., Creative Design of Mechanical Devices, Springer, Singapore, 1998.
[9] Kano, S., Terasaka, Y., and Yano, K., “Prediction of Torque Converter Characteristics by Fluid Flow Simulation,” Komatsu Technical Report, Vol. 50, No. 154, 2004.
[10] Sheu, K. B., “Conceptual Design of Hybrid Scooter Transmissions with Planetary Gear Trains,” Applied Energy, Vol. 84, No. 5, pp. 526-41, 2007.
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[12] Rex, A. H. and Johnson, K. E., “Model Development of A Wind Turbine System with A Continuously Variable Transmission for Design of Region 2 Speed Control,” AIAA 2008-1310, 2008.
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[16] Liu, W., Shen, H., Gao, L. G., and Rong, H. Z., “Study on Direct Torque of Brushless Doubly–Fed Machines Used for Wind Power Generation,” Power System Protection and Control, Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 77-81, 2010.
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[18] Taiwan wind power industry association, http://www.twtia.org.tw/, 2011.
[19] Mechanical Engineering Videos Center, http://www.mechanicalengineering.tw/, 2011.
[20] Toyota Technical Training, http://www.autoshop101.com/forms/AT02.pdf/, 2011.
[21] Pacific driveline, http://www.pacificdriveline.com/torque.htm/, 2011.
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[23] Huang, S. C., Automatic Transmission, Daye Co., LTD., Taichung, 1986.
[24] Dumas, A. D., High Performance Clutch Pack Assembly for Powerglide Transmission, U.S. Patent US7, 204,357 B1, 2007.
[25] Yan, H. S., Mechanisms, Third Edition, Tunghua, Taipei, 2006.
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[30] Ingram, G., “Wind Turbine Blade Analysis Using the Blade Element Momentum Method,” First Edition, School of Engineering, Durham University, 2005.
[31] Jandasek, V. J., “Design of Single-Stage, Three Element Torque Converter, Design Practices: Passenger Car Automatic Transmissions,” Third Edition, School of Engineering, Durham University, 1994.

校內：2013-08-30公開
校外：2013-08-30公開

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