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研究生: 詹永安
Chan, Yung-An
論文名稱: 高效率過氧化氫單基推進器之研發-利用複合式銀觸媒
Development of a HTP Mono-propellant Thruster by Using Composite Silver Catalyst
指導教授: 趙怡欽
Chao, Yei-Chin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 80
中文關鍵詞: 過氧化氫複合式銀觸媒兩相流不穩定
外文關鍵詞: HTP, Composite silver catalyst, Two-phase flow instability
相關次數: 點閱:102下載:8
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  • 隨著科技的發展,太空科技在這世界上占有舉足輕重的地位。 太空科技不僅可以代表國家科技的水準,也代表了國家的強盛。世界各國爭相探索太空這塊未知的領域,衛星成為了這極端嚴苛的環境條件下的主角,成為了人類的探索之眼,也成為了不可取代的軍事武器。
    高濃度過氧化氫應用於衛星姿態控制推進器中所面臨最大的問題即是觸媒。由文獻中得知,銀觸媒對於過氧化氫有極佳的反應效率,但也因其低熔點的特性而無法承受高於92% 的過氧化氫而產生燒結,燒結的效應常常伴隨著低溫反應不完全、分解室壓力不穩定,進而造成流量供給不穩定。由文獻得知,而加入高耐熱性材料有助於提升銀觸媒的熔點,間接降低觸媒燒結的可能性。
    本論文利用上述概念,利用銀觸媒搭配陶瓷材料開發出複合式銀觸媒、深入探討觸媒燒結之成因與誘發現象、建壓反應的影響因素。建立一觸媒衰退演變模組來評估觸媒燒結之解決方法,並藉由預測得的觸媒裝配方式來驗證解推論之正確性,解決長久以來無法突破的觸媒問題。
    經過適當裝配的觸媒,不論冷啟動或熱啟動,其C*皆接近100%,冷啟動Isp為104.9 s,電磁閥作動加上建壓時間約100 ms。而熱啟動Isp為114.9 s,其電磁閥作動加上建壓時間約為50 ms。其具備有啟動時間短、壓力震盪穩定、觸媒床壓降小且反應效率高等特性,對過氧化氫單基推進氣是為成功的開發。

    As the progress of science and technology, space explosion has become an outstanding cursor indexing the industrial development as well as a milestone symbolizing the overall power of a country. . Countries in the world is trying eagerly to expand their ambition to the space as soon as they step into developing countries and their economy is improved from poverty. Popularity of satellite and space technology significantly enhances the important role as the probing eyes of earth exploration and becomes the essential weapons threatening peace on the earth.
    The most difficult problem for High Test Peroxide, which is used in monopropellant thruster for satellite, is the catalyst bed design. According to literature, silver has the best catalytic performance for HTP, but its low melting point usually sinters the silver catalyst bed during decomposition processes. A superior catalyst bed design has to deal with the balance of the highest specific impulse produced and life-span of the active catalyst bed performance. The sintering effect always accompanies with the incomplete decomposition in cold start and oscillation in chamber pressure. Even more, it will induce flow instability in the supplying system. In this thesis, we add some ceramic materials to increase the thermal resistance ability of catalyst bed, which names as composite silver catalyst. We design a HTP monopropellant thruster model for the test of the proposed catalyst; and discuss the factors influencing the decomposition processes and the deterioration of the catalyst bed. By anticipate packing, we can find an excellent result for our catalyst. No matter in cold start or hot fire, the C* efficiency in the catalyst is almost 100%. The Isp from cold start is 104.9 s; and Isp from hot fire is 114.9. The start transient is about 100ms and 50ms, which include the operation time of solenoid valve, from cold and hot fire. It is a successful development for H2O2 monopropellant thruster.

    ABSTRACT i CONTENTS vi LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES ix CHAPTER Ⅰ 1 A.Preface and Motivation 1 B.Review of HTP Mono-propellant in Propulsion Technologies 4 C.Thesis Overview 11 CHAPTER Ⅱ 12 A.Basic Design Concept 12 B.Theoretical Analysis of Thruster Performance 13 C.H2O2 Catalyst bed 14 1.Preview 14 2.Design a 1 lbf HTP Mono-propellant Thruster for Catalyst Bed Testing 15 3.Result of Silver Meshes Combine with Stainless Steel Meshes 16 4.Silver Composite Catalyst 18 D.Summary 19 CHAPTER Ⅲ 20 A.Experimental Setup 20 1.HTP Concentration and Purification 20 2.HTP Mono-propellant Thruster 20 3.Propellants Supply System and Thruster Test Platform 22 4.Electrical Control and Data Acquisition 23 B.Experimental Methods 24 CHAPTER Ⅳ 27 A.Preliminary tests 27 B.The Causes of Catalyst Sintering 28 C.Different Mass Ratio of Silver/Ceramic Material 31 D.The cases with low silver percentage 32 E.Influence factors of pressure rise 34 F.Deterioration of catalyst bed 36 G.Tests and scale-up of the anticipate packing in composite silver catalyst 37 CHAPTER Ⅴ 39 REFERENCE 42 TABLES 47 FIGURES 52 PUBLICATION LIST 79 VITA 80

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