| 研究生: |
林君娟 Lin, Chun-Chuan |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
都市住宅風環境舒適度指標之建立與評估-以台南市大林平價住宅都市更新規劃為例 Establishment and Evaluation of Wind Environment in Urban Residential Areas from the Viewpoint of Human Comfort- A Study of Urban Renewal Plan of Da Lin Per Public Housing, Tainan |
| 指導教授: |
謝俊民
Hsieh, Chun-Ming |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
規劃與設計學院 - 都市計劃學系 Department of Urban Planning |
| 論文出版年: | 2010 |
| 畢業學年度: | 99 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 101 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 都市熱島效應 、風環境 、溫熱環境 、舒適度 、建蔽率 、容積率 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Heat Island Effect, Wind Environment, Thermal Environment, Human Comfort, Building Coverage Ratio (BCR), Floor Area Ratio (FAR), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:177 下載:9 |
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由於大都會地區不斷飆升的氣溫,使得風和溫熱環境成為受矚目的探討議題。在思考都市未來的發展上,都市規劃者、設計師更應將風環境及室外溫熱等模擬納入考量中。
本研究試圖以風環境面向做探討,首先針對研究地區做定點觀測,將實測所得資料,用以驗證CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)模擬計算之分析方法;在參考國內外風環境指標之檢測及考量人體舒適度之條件下,綜合平均風速檢測及SET*舒適指標檢測值之相關解析,訂出下午最適風速範圍為1.03 m/s~3 m/s,晚上為0.3 m/s~3 m/s,再藉由空間比例與平均風速兩概念主軸,以評估住宅區行人風場。
另一方面,透過整理、歸納台南市氣象資料,評估該區長時間之風環境;在台南市現行法規之標準下,針對都市規劃中重要的因子:建蔽率與容積率,訂定四套組合的模擬分析,再配合先前所歸納出的綜合性之風檢測指標,得出該都市更新區較適之風環境策略為Case 3【建蔽率:60%,樓層高:3樓(容積率:180%)】。最後,突破容積率之管制及週邊建物不變更之限制,藉由拉高建築量體及增加風廊道的方式,提出其他的配套措施,以增進行人風場之舒適度。
藉由本研究所歸納出各面向之改善策略,可看出目前台南市對於住宅區之建蔽率、容積率規範,有許多無法將舒適風環境納入考量之限制,而容許量體過小,也常造成規劃時的侷限性,故希冀透過本研究所提之策略,能將建蔽率與容積率之規範範圍放寬,以利更多配套措施之研擬。此外,對於變更地區範圍之劃定上,往往忽略周邊環境對於變更地區風環境之影響力,因此未能將風環境之舒適度等級加以提升,故未來於規劃範圍之劃定時,期盼能將尺度拉大,並將週邊現況一併考量,以達改善之最大效益。
The topic of heat island effect is being more and more emphasized in recent years. Since the air temperature in metropolises is getting higher, urban planners and designers have to consider the outdoor thermal and wind environment simultaneously when thinking about the future urban development.
This study focuses on the aspects of wind environment. Firstly, in order to verify the simulation results, the outdoor wind environment was investigated with field measurements. Based on reference of wind environment and human comfort, the evaluated index included tests of average wind speed and SET* human comfort. The most suitable rang of average wind speed were 1.03 m/s~3 m/s and 0.3 m/s~3 m/s for afternoon and night in this study, respectively.
Based on measurement weather data and the regulation of urban planning factors (building coverage ratio (BCR) and floor area ratio (FAR)) in Tainan, the simulations were carried out in summer with 8 scenarios and analyzed by the concepts of space scale and average wind speed mentioned in chapter 5. It was found from the simulation, the Case 3(BCR: 60%, Floor: 3F---FAR:180%)was better proposal of wind environment in this focus area. Lastly, make a breakthrough of FAR’s regulation and the limitation of surrounding building arrangement around the focus area. There were two schemes proposed to improve the comfort of pedestrian wind environment, including increasing building height and adding wind paths.
Through the simulation and evaluation, the current regulations of BCR and FAR in residential areas in Tainan were unsuitable, and the limitation of FAR resulted in worse ventilation. Therefore, this study suggests loosen the limitations of BCR and FAR in order to formulate better proposals for the planning areas. Moreover, the plan of renewing area’s domain always ignores the effect of surrounding environment. Consequently, in order to improve the wind environment, it is necessary to take the surroundings of focus area into consideration.
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