本研究目的在於探討跳馬運動中，推撐期階段影響後飛行期表現的主要因素為何。以一位國內優秀體操選手為對象，建立六肢段電腦模擬模型，包括下臂、上臂、頭和軀幹、大腿、小腿及腳，並考慮手與跳馬之間的彈性-黏性特質。模型的建立需輸入研究對象之人體肢段參數、各關節最大力矩、預估之各關節活化程度及影片分析所得之觸馬時運動學參數，進行最佳化計算後，調整各關節活化程度及手與跳馬之間的彈性-黏性係數，直到模擬結果符合實際前手翻動作。
模型確立後，改變各關節觸馬時的角度、角速度、最大力矩等初始參數，進行最佳化計算，檢視各參數的影響程度。目標函數為離馬時質心垂直速度。結果發現，與所分析影片之動作相比，若要有較佳的運動表現，應減少撐馬瞬間的腕關節角度、增加腕關節角速度、肘關節應再伸直至接近180°、增加肩關節角速度及最大力矩、減少髖關節角度等。
與先前研究之五肢段模型比較，六肢段模型雖忽略肩關節彈性-黏性特質，但與實際運動表現符合程度仍高，且更真實的模擬手臂推撐動作，說明多肢段模型可更準確模擬人體動作。

The purpose of this research is to investigate how the kinematic factors during the horse-contact phase influence the performance during post-flight in vaulting. A six-segment planar simulation model comprising the lower arm, upper arm, head and trunk, thigh, shank, and foot was customized to an elite gymnast. The body segment parameters, maximum joint torque, activation time history and initial kinematic parameters from video analysis of the subject are required for the optimal matching computer simulation. The model was matched to a performance of handspring vault by modifying the visco-elastic characteristics of the arm-horse interface and the activation time history of the joints.
The objective function is the vertical velocity of the whole body center of mass at take-off. By varying the initial joint variables, we can find the key factors which influence the performance. The results suggest that smaller wrist angle, greater wrist angular velocity, straighter elbow, greater shoulder angular velocity, greater maximum shoulder torque, and smaller hip angle at horse contact were related to the optimal performance.
Compared with the five-segment model with a visco-elastic shoulder of a previous study, the six-segment without a visco-elastic shoulder still can closely match the real performance, and more closely mimics the actual pushing movement of the arms. This demonstrates that the multi-segment model can describe the real motion more exactly.

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