公共運輸服務係達成憲法內保障人民行之基本權利的必要事項。早期社會，各地區紛紛成立公路客運公司以服務廣大民眾，通行各地，客運業者因此風光一時，被視為傳統產業之龍頭。然而，近年來因國民所得提升，私人機動運具持有與使用成本降低，民眾選擇可及性與便利性高的私人機動運具，對於大眾運輸之依賴已不如早期，對公路客運業者產生極大衝擊，使得公路客運業者之營運漸趨衰退，甚至已有業者無法承受虧損而宣布倒閉停駛，對於部分地區民眾造成相當大之不便。
長期以來，中央主管機關對於客運業者營運路線皆有所管制，盼以黃金路線與偏遠路線同時開放路線經營許可以吸引業者投入市場，保障所有民眾搭車與行之權利。然則對客運業者而言，偏遠路線之需求相當稀少，且營運成本相較於一般市區路線為高，但基於運輸不可儲存性與社會服務責任之觀點下，偏遠路線之行駛於實務上仍必須定期開出班車，使得目前每車公里營運成本與實際收入相差甚遠。儘管政府不斷提供預算進行補貼，偏遠路線仍無法達到損益平衡，故常有客運業者以其他路線收入貼補偏遠路線虧損之不合理現象形成。近來由於政府重申公共運輸之重要性，並且計畫引入「需求反應式」(Demand Responsive Transit Service, DRTS)營運模式，因應需求特性提供合理服務，以減少偏遠路線空車與乘載率低落之情形，同時減少業者營運成本。本研究主要藉由國外案例資料回顧，探討國內公路客運於偏遠路線採取DRTS 營運之方案。考量目前國內業者與旅運需求之特性，本研究以分散點模式DRTS 規劃偏遠路線營運之轉型方式，並進行彈性班次之設計，本研究提出三種方案，分別與業者營運現況進行營運與乘客成本比較，以評估DRTS 應用於偏遠路線之可行性。

Recently, in order to promote public transportation, the government plans to introduce DRTS to freeway bus services companies. The characteristic of DRTS is to provide services to passengers in time. Thus, DRTS can reduce the vacancy rate and raise the passenger load-factors.
For many years, the operations of freeway bus services companies in remote route have been getting worse. In this research, we take Feng-yuan Bus Transportation as an example. First, we review the cases overseas. Second we propose point deviation operations mode as a sample of DRTS in remote route. Then, we setup three different methods to solve the flexible scheduling problems. Finally, by comparing the outcomes of three methods to current status, we conclude the feasibility of applying DRTS to remote routes.
After flexible scheduling in remote route, passengers can save their time at most by 19% because of the characteristic of DRTS. For operators, the operations cost canreduce about 40% due to reduce the vacancy rate. The results show that DRTS indeed can be regarded as a solution to the operations of freeway bus services companies.

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