政府在民國97年10月31日公告實施「木構造建築物設計及施工技術規範-第九章建築物之防火」，對梁柱構架系統防火設計：應預估防火時效內構材之燃燒炭化深度，設計適當之斷面尺寸，使於規定防火時效內燃燒之殘餘斷面仍具備結構應有之承載能力。木材炭化深度，係假設炭化率固定，將其乘上持續燃燒時間後求得。

依據國內外相關文獻顯示：炭化率的大小與樹種、斷面尺寸、木材密度、含水率、燃燒溫度及時間互相影響；國內對於燃燒溫度及時間的影響已有研究，本研究將探討木構材斷面尺寸與炭化率之關係。

本研究內容以國內常用建材：杉木(福州杉)及雲杉實木試體，斷面尺寸則參考國內木構造住宅常見樑柱尺寸，以長度18cm之9cm(3寸)×9cm、12cm×12cm、15cm×15cm、18cm×18cm、21cm×21cm、24cm×24cm等六種斷面，加熱條件依據CNS12514標準加熱時間-溫度曲線，進行30及60分鐘燃燒實驗，探討斷面尺寸與炭化率之關係。並藉由相關文獻蒐集，了解木材燃燒特性、炭化理論與炭化率預估模式等相關資料彙整分析，將炭化實驗數據與炭化率預估模式相互比較，驗證炭化預估模式之可及性。

研究結果顯示： 1.木構材斷面越大其炭化率越小，大斷面木材較難於燃燒。 2.木構材密度越大炭化率越低。 3.木材燃燒時所形成的炭化層具有斷熱效果，炭化率會隨著加熱時間增加而減少。 4.杉木之炭化率低於雲杉。 5.杉木之炭化深度會隨著斷面增大而降低，當斷面尺寸越大，實際炭化深度與公式預估值的差距也越大。雲杉之炭化深度與斷面尺寸之間則無明顯關係，加熱30分鐘時之炭化深度約21mm，加熱60分鐘之炭化深度維持在43mm上下，對應公式預估之炭化深度有相當高的準確度，預估準確度約為93％。6. 將杉木之炭化預估公式導入斷面參數，重新求得修正後之炭化預估深度，並比較修正前後之預估值，發現導入斷面參數後之預估準確度均有所提升，準確度大約在92％。

“The regulations on designs and construction techniques of wood structure buildings--- Chapter 9, The Fire Resistance of Buildings” have been declared and put into practice in Taiwan since October 31st, 2009. According to the regulations, the designs of the fireproofing, like the internal pillars of framing structures, should pre-estimate the burning char depths of lumber members during the valid fireproof time. Dimension section should also be properly designed so that the remaining dimension after burned may still sustain the structures. The char depths of woods are made by multiplying a hypothesis of a fixed charring rate and a lasting burning time together.

According to the related records at home and abroad, the charring rate has a very close link with the types of woods, the dimension sections, the density and moisture of woods, and the burning time and fire-temperature. Since the studies in the field of burning time and fire-temperature have been presented a lot in Taiwan, this study will focus on the relationships between the cross-section and charring rate of timber.

In this study, the testing woods are China fir and Spruce-pine-fir, which are common constructive materials in Taiwan. The dimension sections of these woods are referred to the common sizes of the pillars of wooden houses in Taiwan, with the lengths of 9cm×9cm, 12cm×12cm, 15cm×15cm, 18cm×18cm, 21cm×21cm, 24cm×24cm. The fire conditions of experimental works are based on the standard fire time-temperature curve in CNS12514. 30-minute and 60-minute burning experiments are carried out respectively to study the relationship between the dimension section and charring rate. Furthermore, the related records are collected to help analyze the burning characteristics of woods, charring theories, and anticipant model of charring rate. Finally, the data gained from the experiments are compared with the anticipant model of charring rate to prove the feasibility of anticipant model of charring rate.

On the basis of the result, it suggests the following facts:

1. The bigger the dimension section of lumber members is, the lower the charring rate is; it is harder for woods with big dimension to burn.

2. The higher density the lumber members is, the lower the charring rate is.

3. The char layer produced when heated possesses thermal-insulation effect. The charring rate will drop with the increase of heating time.

4. The charring rate of China fir is lower than that of Spruce-pine-fir.

5. The char depths of China fir will get lower with the expansion of the dimension section. The greater the dimension section is, the greater the difference between the real char depths and the anticipant data got from the formula. There is no obvious connection between the char depths of Spruce-pine-fir and dimension section. The char depth is about 21mm after a 30-minute heating time, while the char depth remains 43mm or so after a 60-minute heating time. Corresponding to the anticipant char depths from the formula, the experimental data is highly accurate. The anticipant accuracy is about 93%.

6. If the charring formula of China fir is used together with the dimensional parameter to get a new charring anticipant depth, the result will show that the accuracy of the new data rises to about 92%.

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