生物炭是一種透過有機物質熱裂解產生的產品，因其改善土壤肥力和作物生產力、吸收土壤中的污染物以及通過碳封存緩解氣候變化的潛力，受到廣泛關注。然而，相較於其他有機改良劑如糞肥，關於生物炭對土壤微生物群落和酶活性的短期和長期影響的資訊較少。大多數研究表明，生物炭不僅改變了土壤養分含量，還對土壤微生物群落產生了影響。然而，生物炭 施用量對土壤 pH 值和微生物的影響尚未完全瞭解。此外，不同的生物炭施用量可能會影響土壤 pH 值和土壤微生物群落。在本研究中，我們旨在確定來自文旦枝的生物炭施用對土壤 pH 值和土壤樣本中細菌群落結構的影響。在本實驗中，使用了1.25升的花盆，每個花盆含有 500 克土壤。實驗包含四個處理，即對照處理（CK）、結合不同濃度的土壤生物炭處理 BC1、BC2 和 BC3。在本研究中，我們發現生物炭的添加有助於提高土壤 pH 值。在生物炭施用的情況下，生物炭處理（BC1、BC2 和 BC3）顯著提高了土壤pH值。我們發現，在90天內，3%的生物炭（BC3）處理的土壤pH值增幅最高。對照組（CK）顯示土壤 pH 值變化很小，表明未經處理的自然穩定性。然而，1%的生物炭（BC1）處理未顯示顯著的 pH 變化。根據 Shannon 多樣性指數，M1BC2 組的生物多樣性中位數最高，而 M3BC3 組的數值最低。M1BC2 促進了生物多樣性，使其成為最有效的處理方法。M3BC2 也支援了較高的生物多樣性，但具有稍高的變異性。因此，我們得出結論，2% 的生物炭（BC2）處理在提高土壤pH值的同時保持了生態穩定性，是土壤管理的推薦方法。

Biochar, produced through the pyrolysis of organic materials, has garnered significant interest for its potential to enhance soil fertility and crop yields, absorb soil pollutants, and sequester carbon to help combat climate change. However, there is limited information on both the short- and long-term impacts of biochar on soil microbial communities and enzyme activities compared to other organic amendments like manure. While existing studies have demonstrated that biochar can alter soil nutrient content and affect microbial communities, the effect of varying biochar amounts on soil pH and microbial populations are not yet fully understood. This study aims to investigate the impact of biochar derived from pomelo branches on soil pH and bacterial community structure across different application rates. For this experiment, 1.25-liter pots were used, each containing 500 grams of soil. The experiment contained four treatments, i.e., control treatment (CK), biochar (C) treatment combined with soil BC1 BC2 and BC3. In this study, we found the addition of biochar application effects on improving of soil pH. In this case of the biochar application, biochar treatments (BC1, BC2, and BC3) significantly increased soil pH. We found the higher increasing values of soil pH observed with 3% biochar (BC3) over 90 days. The control group (CK) showed minimal changes in soil pH, indicating natural stability without treatment. However, 1% biochar (BC1) showed no significant pH change. Based on the Shannon Diversity index, the highest median biodiversity was observed in the M1BC2group, while the M3BC3 group had the lowest value. M1BC2 promoted the biodiversity, making it the most effective treatment. M3BC2 also supported high biodiversity but with slightly higher variability. Accordingly, we conclude that 2% biochar (BC2) treatment is optimal for enhancing soil pH while maintaining ecological stability, making it the recommended approach for soil management.

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