隨著能源過度地開採，種種異常氣象層出不窮，近年來感到事態嚴重的各界積極推動各種「節能減碳」的觀念與制度，於建築產業亦訂有建築節能規範或綠建築評估系統等制度。但由於氣候類型、建築形式、民族文化等因素不同，各國對建築節能的觀點亦有所出入，進而將直接反映在其法規數值與立法精神上。探討建築節能首先須確認耗能情形，一般建築耗能組成以空調、照明、設備三項為大宗，其中，空調耗能、空調負荷對整體建築耗能的影響力最多。究空調負荷之來源，又以經由建築外殼進出室內、並可透過建築設計掌握的「外殼負荷」最為重要，故本研究即欲探究並比較不同的建築外殼性能規範對於建築耗能之影響。
本研究以中國、美國、台灣三者的建築外殼節能規範為探討對象，使用eQuest動態耗能模擬分析、Envload外殼指標計算作為評比之研究工具，將三種不同國家、不同體制的建築節能規範內，設定各部位之規範低限值帶入建築模型，計算分析其耗能，找出在法規所允許之最差的外殼性能條件下，建築外殼造成之耗能量或空調負荷之差異。本研究模擬數據結果顯示：
1.中國、美國將外遮陽構件的日射折減視為玻璃遮蔽係數之下的從屬因子，不若台灣直接將之視為獨立的外遮陽係數，是以台灣對外遮陽構件較為重視。
2.中國、美國法規中皆暗示了建築最大合理開窗率；台灣規範則以指標控制建築外殼總熱流量，能有效使大開窗建築不易通過規範。
3.美國針對最大開窗率的節能效果規範各部位做均一式的低限值，對小開窗的建築來說較嚴格。
4.比較建築外殼節能法規對外殼設計之限制，以中國最強硬，美國次之，台灣的設計彈性最高。
5.各國的建築外殼節能法規對於外殼性能的數值要求，以美國最為嚴格、中國次之、台灣較寬鬆。
6.即使中國、美國規範比台灣嚴格，但中、美規範中所施行的「替代合格方案」容許以空調設備效率彌補較差的建築外殼設計，將使節能法規喪失對建築外殼熱流「源頭控管」的能力。

With the over-exploitation of energy, serious abnormal weather emerges frequently. Concepts and systems for "carbon reduction" have been promoted recently. Building industry also developed several building energy efficiency standards and green building rating systems and etc. However, due to different weather patterns, architectural forms, ethnic and cultural factors, different countries have different perspectives on energy efficiency of buildings, which directly reflects on the values and the legislative spirit of each regulation. To explore the building energy efficiency, first energy consuming situations need to be confirmed. Generally building energy use is mainly composed by air conditioning, lighting, and equipment. Among these, air conditioning energy consumption and air conditioning load have the most overall impact on building energy consumption. The source of the air conditioning load is mainly from “envelope load”, which is gained from building envelope into interior and could be handled by architectural design. This study was set to explore and compare the impacts that different envelope performance regulations have on building energy consumption.
This study took the building envelope regulations for energy saving of China, United States, and Taiwan as study cases, using eQuest (dynamic energy simulation analysis) and Envload (building envelope index calculation) as research tools. The lower specification limits for different building parts by the building envelope regulations of these three nations, were set into architectural models, and the building energy consumption of each cases were calculated and analyzed. Therefore, the different energy consumptions and air-conditioning loads could be resulted. The simulated data results of this study are shown below:
1.China and USA took insulation reduction ratio of external shading components as the dependent factor under glass shielding factor, unlike Taiwan as individual factor. Taiwan paid more attention on external shading component.
2.China and USA suggested the maximum reasonable window ratio in the building regulations. Taiwan used indexes to control the total heat flow of building envelope, which restricted the development of large window building efficiently.
3.USA regulated different areas with lower limits of homogeneous types for energy saving performance of maximum window ratio, which made it stricter for small window building.
4.Comparing the restriction on building envelope design of the three regulations, China’s is the strictest, USA the second, and Taiwan’s has the highest flexibility.
5.Concerning the value demands on envelope performance of the three regulations, USA’s is the hardest, China’s second, and Taiwan’s lesser.
6.Even though the regulations of China and USA are stricter than Taiwan’s, the “Qualified Alternative Program” in both systems allows the compensation made by better air-conditioning equipment efficiency to poorer envelope design, which results in the ability of “source control” that the regulation has on building envelope heat flow.

參考書籍
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參考網站
1.仇保興(2005)〈建設部介紹中國節能與綠色建築等方面情況〉，中國網，http://big5.china.com.cn/zhibo/2005-02/23/content_8784668.htm?show=t
2.美國能源資訊管理局http://www.eia.gov/