縱谷斷層為台灣造山帶中歐亞板塊與菲律賓板塊現今之板塊縫合帶，其中，池上斷層因具有顯著之跨斷層擠壓速率，且為縱谷斷層地表潛移最顯著之區段，故為探討斷層潛移行為最佳之研究對象。本研究因此選定台東關山電光地區作為研究區域，在池上斷層破裂沿線的電光國小西北方約317.86 m，於排水道之水泥駁坎處發現破裂出露地表的區域，故在此建立潛移斷層監測網。
早期對於各類野外監測網的研究方式，是使用單點或點與點之間基線的方式，獲得二維座標，缺乏三維座標的數值。且早期的測量技術，無法快速獲取密集的點位相對座標，而現今使用近景攝影測量技術，能快速獲得待測點位的座標，並協助測得斷層進地表的活動行為。本研究將採用絕對精度可達0.3 mm之交會攝影及多影像匹配技術，針對研究區域活動斷層附近之地表地物進行取樣，進而偵測斷層於近地表造成之地殼變動量。以近景攝影測量技術做為主要監測方式，透過近景攝影測量技術，運用多方交會攝影及多影像匹配技術，使用被攝物體影像以建立物體空間相對位置。用以獲得台東關山地區池上斷層周遭地表變形之位移量。接著將根據此地表位移量進行潛移斷層活動行為分析。於研究中採用消費型全像幅單眼反射式（DSLR）數位相機，在經過嚴密之相機率定後，利用交會攝影及多影像匹配技術，針對研究區域活動斷層附近之地表地物進行較高頻率之取樣，進而偵測斷層於近地表造成之地殼變動量。由於本研究區域之斷層為潛移之活動行為，可藉由各時期斷層近地表的地殼位移量，建立台灣東部地區地殼變形形貌。
藉由分析786個觀測點位之時間序列及此研究牆面十二時期之位移變化後，可得到此牆面上下盤並無明顯之相對位移變化，因此推論池上斷層南段於此區域並無斷層潛移之行為存在；在時間序列及牆面前後期的位移分析中，可得到各點位隨時間之變化與雨量有關聯性，於濕季時皆往西邊移動，於乾季時則往東邊移動；因此本研究範圍之各點位受雨量影響而有週期性之變化。

SUMMARY
The Chihshang fault is a rapid creeping reverse fault while being able to produce large earthquakes at depth. The specialty of the Chihshang fault makes the near fault creeping observing task even more important. Close-range Photogrammetry enables fast and dense measurement that can have great contribution to the understanding of near-surface activities at active faults. This research incorporates convergent photography and multi-image matching techniques using consumer digital single-lens reflex camera, providing alomst monthly measurement for a total 12 times with accuracy up to 0.3 mm from 2012 to 2016. Acquiring the coordinates of the outcrop and further calculate the cross fault displacements. By analyzing the photogrammetry time series, we observed that the concrete wall moves eastward in dry season; westward in rainy season. But no cross fault displacements has been observed during the four-year photogrammetry measurements. The Chihshang fault is considered to be a rapid creeping reverse fault with left-lateral component. However, our result based on close-range Photogrammetry shows no convincing relative movements across the hanging wall and the foot wall, suggesting the southern segment of the Chihshang fault is currently locked near the surface with no observable creeping behavior.
Keywords: Chihshang fault, Photogrammetry, Camera calibration, Creeping fault

INTRODUCTION
The Chihshang fault, one segment of the plate suture between the Eurasian and the Philippine Sea Plates in eastern Taiwan, is a rapid creeping reverse fault, which has been considered to show interseismic creep near the surface while contemporaneously being capable of producing large earthquakes at depth. The creeping behavior of the Chihshang fault has been observed for nearly thirty years from leveling, triangulation, creepmeter , GPS and InSAR. Instead of fault creep, the Chihshang fault is also able to generate huge eartquakes as the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung earthquake. Observing the near fault creeping behavior of the chihshang fault remains an important task.
METHODOLOGY & DATA
Traditional methods of monitoring use baseline calculation to acquire 2 dimensional coordinates, lacking information in the 3 dimensional space and the measurements are usually sparse. Modern monitoring technologies from close-range Photogrammetry enables fast and dense measurement that can have great contribution to the understanding of near-surface activities at active faults. We installed 786 steel nails along the footwall and the hanging wall of the outcrop, which locates at a 20 meters wide wall. All nails are distributed well along the wall and every nail was affixed to a 8-mm diameter white circle sticker with a black dot in the center. We then did photogrammetry measurements every three months.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
This research incorporates convergent photography and multi-image matching techniques using consumer DSLR (Digital Single-Lens Reflex Camera), providing measurements with accuracy up to 0.3 mm after proper calibration from 2012 to 2016 with high frequency (monthly measurement), to acquire coordinates of the outcrop and further calculate the displacements to analyze the creeping behavior of the southern section of the Chihshang fault. By analyzing the time series of photogrammetry result. We’re able to observe that the concrete wall moves eastward in dry season and westward in rainy season. But no significant displacement has been observed during the four-year photogrammetry measurements.
CONCLUSION
The Chihshang fault is considered a rapid creeping reverse fault with left-lateral component. However, our result based on close-range Photogrammetry shows no convincing relative movements across the hanging wall and the foot wall, suggesting the southern segment of the Chihshang fault is currently locked near the surface with no observable creeping behavior.

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