過去內容的發行，多由具有市場基礎及專業發行能力的大型發行商所主導。然而，網路的發展達成去中間化的理想，使個人有獨立發行之能力；以網路為配送媒介的資訊商品，甚至不需要實體配送的中間通路商。但是，若發行的個人無法取得相關技術的保護，將會使其產品的利益趨近於零。 為了實現數位內容的商業利益，採用數位財產權管理(DRM)機制以輔助數位內容發行將會是未來不可忽視的趨勢；於此機制下可解決產品因複製、轉售而產生之利益損失問題，然如何選擇發行商及定價方式以達成最大利益，卻仍然是數位內容發行時所必需考慮的問題。

　　數位內容亦屬於資訊產品之一；然數位內容與過去研究中所定義的資訊產品之最大差別在於邊際成本－版權的概念。在強調著作財產權觀念下，產品的邊際成本不能單純的以「複製」一份產品的成本觀之。過去資訊產品定價的相關研究中，多從組合定價、分版定價的角度出發，並認定資訊商品的邊際成本為零；但相關研究也指出，當產品的邊際成本不可忽視時，採用組合定價是不經濟的。 基於上述，本研究試圖由產品分版的角度出發，探討數位內容產品之分版定價。數位內容商品雖是屬於高度標準化的產品，但透過數位財產權管理(DRM)的機制調整開放的權限，將可以達成分版差異化定價的目的。

　　本研究結果認為，個人有限的市場力量及品質的不確定性，將使個人的發行受限；同時若考慮使用DRM機制以保護商業利益，沒有市場力量的個人將會傾向於尋求中間商的管道發行。網路中間商所擁有的財產權保護技術，將可解決個人發行所無法擺脫之限制。本研究並由中間商代理個人發行的兩種型態－專屬代理及商品上架，探討商品的分版定價模型。中間商發行具有網路效應及市場基礎，消費者的喜好也各有不同，以分版定價方式可以將消費者剩餘轉為中間商的利益，達成利潤最大化的目的；並為網路效應(外部性)建立一個市場、合理取價，使外部性內部化。

none

【中文部份】
伊藤元重 (2001)。數位經濟新浪潮。嘉義：羿慧文化，初版。
李宏麟 (1999)。規格的力量。商業周刊，647，84。
李宗政、鐘文榮 (2001)。電子金融支付工具中Micropayment機制之交易成本與效率分析。資訊管理展望，3 (2)，107-116。
汪宜正 (2001)。數位音樂對唱片公司與音樂產業影響之探索性研究。國立臺灣大學商學研究所碩士論文。
林伯河 (2002)。傳統通路再仲介化策略研究：以辦公文具業為例。國立中山大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
林禎吉、賴溪松 (1998)。數位浮水印的技術。資訊安全通訊，4 (3)，5-11。
胡鈜淙 (2000)。資訊數位產品之定價策略。國立臺灣大學商學研究所碩士論文。
范錚強、王存國、何靖遠、周惠文、范懿文 (2000)。軟體業成功個案研究(報告編號：DOH85-NH-008)。經濟部工業局專案計畫研究報告。
張智勇 (2001)。網際網路興起對數位產品廠商產品決策與通路策略之影響。國立臺灣大學商學研究所碩士論文。
許瓊予 (2003)。Apple揭開線上音樂新紀元。2003年7月23日，取自「資策會資訊市場情報中心MIC」：http://mic.iii.org.tw/
陳玉霖 (2002)。數位影音產業在寬頻時代下之經營模式。國立清華大學科技管理科學所碩士論文。
楊小凱 (2000)。網路經濟的超邊際分析—網路經濟對經濟學的挑戰。2003年11月5日，取自：http://rich.buseco.monash.edu.au/column/xkyan/paper/tradition-chinese/infra_net_ceon.htm
楊正瑀 (2003)。線上音樂市場發展現況與趨勢。2003年12月2日，取自「資策會資訊市場情報中心MIC」： http://mic.iii.org.tw/
經濟部數位內容產業推動辦公室 (2003)。數位內容產業白皮書。臺北市：工業局，初版。
熊秉元 (1993)。「市場之尺」和「心中之尺」－論釋寇斯定理和布坎楠對寇斯定理的質疑。中央研究經濟研究所經濟論文，21 (2)，331-356。
數位浮水印介紹 (無日期)。2003年6月8日，取自：「國立成功大學密碼與網路安全實驗室」： http://crypto.ee.ncku.edu.tw/research.html#數位浮水印介紹
歐洲數位內容發展現況與趨勢 (2003)。2003年5月17日，取自「CommerceNet Taiwan」： http://www.nii.org.tw/cnt/
謝登隆 (2000)。個體經濟理論與應用。臺北：智勝文化。

【英文部份】
Alba, J., J. Lynch, B. Weitz, C. Janiszewski, R. Lutz, A. Sawyer, and S. Wood (1997). Interactive Home Shopping: Consumer, Retailer, and Manufacturer Incentives to Participate in Electronic Marketplaces. Journal of Marketing, 6(July), pp.38-53.

Antoci A., Q. Cui, A. Dodge, M. Escobari, K. Lui-Kwan, and T. Ranese (2000). The Taxation of Digital Goods: Economic Analysis. Retrieved Aug. 8, 2003, from Harvard University, the John F. Kennedy School of Government Web site: http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/project1/econ.html

Bailey, J. P., and Y. Bakos (1997). An Exploratory Study of the Emerging Role of Electronic Intermediaries. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 1(3), pp.7-20.

Bakos, Y. (1998). The Emerging Role of Electronic Marketplaces on the Internet. Communication of the ACM, 41(8), pp.35-42.

Bakos, Y. and E. Brynjolfsson (1999). Bundling Information Goods: Pricing, Profits and Efficiency. Management Science, 45(12), pp.1613-1630.

Bakos, Y. and E. Brynjolfsson (2000). Aggregation and Disaggregation of Information Goods: Implications for Bundling, Site Licensing, and Micropayment Systems. Hurley,D., B. Kahin, and H. Varian(Eds.), Internet Publishing and Beyond: The Economics of Digital Information and Intellectual Property. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Bannan, K. J. (2000). Changing Channels: Liquid Audio Focuses on Building a Global Distribution Network. Internet World Magazine, 6(7), pp.60.

Bauckhage, T. (2003). Digital Rights Management: Economic Aspects. Becker, E., W. Buhse, D. Gunnewig and N. Rump (Eds.), Digital Rights Management: Technological, Economic, Legal and Political Aspects. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer.

Bhargava, H. K. and V. Choudhary (2001). Information Goods and Vertical Differentiation. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18 (2), pp.89-106.

Bhargava, H., V. Choudhary, and R. Krishnan (2000). Pricing and Product Design: Intermediary Strategies in an Electronic Market. International Journal on Electronic Commerce, 5(1), pp.37-56.

Buhse, W. (2002). Implication of Digital Rights Management for Online Music- A Business Perspective. Sander, T. (Ed.), Security and privacy in digital rights management. New York: Springer.

Choi, S. Y., D. O. Stahl, and A. B. Whinston (1997). The Economics of Electronic Commerce. Indianapolis: Macmillan Technical Publishing.

Chuang, J. C-I. and M. A. Sirbu (1999). Optimal Bundling Strategy for Digital Information Goods: Network Delivery of Articles and Subscriptions. Information Economics and Policy, 11(2), pp.147-176.

Commission Staff of European Communities (2002). Digital Rights: Background, System, Assessment. Commission of the European Communities. Brussels, SEC 197.

Dolan, R. J. and H. Simon (1996). Power Pricing: How Managing Price Transforms the Bottom Line.原著 (譯：定價聖經，劉怡伶、閻蕙群譯，臺北：藍鯨出版).

Eskicioglu, A. M., J. Town, and E. J. Delp (2003). Security of digital entertainment content from creation to consumption. Signal Processing: Image Communication, 18, pp.237-262.

Fletcher, J. (2001). Consequences of the Internet-the Strategic Role of Intermediaries in Educating end users. World Patent Information, 23, pp.197-199.

Garneet, N. (2001). Digital Rights Management, Copyright, and Napster. ACM SIGecom Exchanges, 2(2), pp.1-5

Giaglis, G. M., S. Klein, and R. M. O’Keefe (1999). Disintermediation, Reintermediation, or Cybermediation? The Future of Intermediaries in Electronic Marketplaces. Retrieved Sep 2, 2003, from Brunel University, The Department of Information Systems and Computing Web site: http://www.brunel.ac.uk/depts/cs/reports/InterVersion2.pdf

Hawkins, R., R. Mansell, and W. E. Steinmueller (1999). Toward Digital Intermediation in the Information Society. Journal of Economic Issue, 33(2), pp.383-391.

Iannella, R. (2001). Digital Rights Management (DRM) Architectures, D-Lib Magazine, 7(6).

Jin, L., and D. Robey (1999). Explaining Cybermediation: An Organizational Analysis of Electronic Retailing. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 3(4), pp.47-65.

Karagosian, M. (2001). Digital Rights Management: Friend or Foe? Retrieved Sep. 16, 2003, from Digital Rignts Management Conference: http://www.mkpe.com/articles/2001/DRM_2001/drm_2001.htm

Katz, M. L. and C. Shapiro (1985). Network Externalities, Competition, and Compatibility. American Economic Review, 75, pp.424-440.

Kauffman, R. J. and E. A.Walden (2001). Economics and Electronic Commerce: Survey and Directions for Research. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 5 (4), pp.5-116.

Kenny, S. and L. Korba (2002). Applying Digital Rights Management Systems to Privacy Rights Management, Computer& Security, 21(7), pp.648-664.

Kim, B. (1999). An Analysis of a Digital Economy. Unpublished Doctorial Dissertation. University of Texas, Austin.

Kwok, S. H., S. C. Cheung, K. C. Wong, K. F. Tsang, S. M. Lui, and K. Y. Tam (2002). Integration of Digital Rights Management into the Internet Open Trading Protocol. Decision Support System, 34, pp.413-425.

Levinson, P. (2000). Digital McLuhan: A Guide to the Information Millennium原著(譯：數位麥克魯漢，宋偉航譯，台北：貓頭鷹書房).

Liu, Q., R. S. Naini and N. P. Sheppard (2003). Digital Rights Management for Content Distribution. Proceedings of the Australasian information security workshop conference on ACSW frontiers 2003, 21, pp.49-58.

Mottl, J. (2002). Digital Rights Management-Content’s Secure Wrapper. Information Security, March.

Mussa, M. and S. Rosen (1978). Monopoly and product quality. Journal of Economic Theory, 18(2), pp.301-317.

Pitkanen, O. (2002). Managing Rights in Information Products on the Mobile Internet. Unpublished Thesis. Helsinki University of Technology.

Rosenblatt, B. and G. Dykstra (2003). Integrating Content Management with Digital Rights Management: Imperatives and Opportunities for Digital Content Lifecycles. Retrieved July 12, 2003, from GiantSteps Media Technology Strategies: http://www.giantstepsmts.com/CM-DRMwhitepaper.pdf

Rosenblatt, B., B. Trippe, and S. Mooney (2002). Digital Rights Management: Business and Technology. New York: M&T Books.

Schmalensee, R. L. (1984). Gaussian Demand and Commodity Bundling. Journal of Business, 57(1), pp.S221-S230.

Shapiro, C. and H. R. Varian (1998). Information Rules: A Strategic Guide to the Network Economy. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Sobel, L. S. (2003). DRM as an Enabler of Business Models: ISPs as Digital Retailers. Retrived July 12, 2003, from Digital Rights Management Conference:
https://www.law.berkeley.edu/institutes/bclt/drm/papers/sobel-drm-btlj2003.pdf

Stigler, G. J. (1963). United States v. Loew’s Inc.: A note on block booking. Supreme Court Review, pp.152-157.

Tapscoot, D. (1995). The Digital Economy. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Varian, H. R. (2000). Versioning Information Goods. Hurley, D., B. Kahin, and H. Varian (Eds.), Internet Publishing and Beyond: The Economics of Digital Information and Intellectual Property. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Varian, H. R. (2001). Markets for Information Goods. Okino K. and T. Inoue (Eds.), Monetary Policy in a World of Knowledge-Based Growth, Quality Change, and Uncertain Measurement. New York: Palgrave Macmillan Press.

Wayner, P. (2000). Protecting Your Property in Cyberspace. Computerworld, 34 (2) pp.68.
Webb, J. (n.d.), Digital Rights Management or DRM - Does (it) Really Matter? Retrieved Sep. 16, 2003, from Digital Rignts Management Conference: http://www.stm-assoc.org/annualreport/00drm.html

Yi, X., S. Kitazawa, E. Okamoto, X. F. Wang, K.Y. Lam, and S. Tu (1999). Agent-Based Copyright Protection Architecture for Online Electronic Publishing. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, 3657, pp.484-493.

Zahray, W.P., Sirbu, M. (1990). The Provision of Scholarly Journals by Libraries via Electronic Technologies: An Economic Analysis. Information Economics and Policy, 4, pp.127–154.

Zhu, K. and B. MacQuarrie (2003). The Economics of Digital Bundling, the Impact of Digitization and Bundling on the Music Industry. Communications of the ACM, 46 (9).