背景：早產兒出生人數及比例逐年增加，存活率也隨著醫療科技的進步提升。由於早產兒各系統器官、組織尚未成熟，口腔餵食困難成為多數早產兒面臨的困境。研究證據顯示臨床應對口腔餵食轉換期延遲的介入措施有提供非營養吸吮、執行口腔按摩、口腔刺激等，亦有文獻主張合併多項方法效果更佳，但針對介入措施的施行方式與臨床照護建議仍未有定論。
目的：本研究希望透過實證轉譯過程建立以實證為基礎且可推行於臨床的早產兒口腔刺激發展性照護臨床指引，提供新生兒加護病房護理師運用於口腔餵食轉換期早產兒照護的因應策略，提出對處於餵食轉換階段早產兒口腔刺激護理介入的發展性照護建議。
方法：參考WHO指引發展手冊（2014）及台灣實證臨床指引發展及更新手冊（2017）指引發展流程擬定研究方法，先以PICO架構發展關鍵問題，據此進行系統性文獻回顧與分析，最後運用GRADE進行證據品質評估並形成臨床建議，根據臨床建議形成臨床照護指引。臨床照護指引品質乃邀請專家使用AGREE II工具進行評估，指引的臨床適用性則邀請新生兒加護病房護理師進行初步評估。
結果：臨床重要PICO/PICo問題以護理過程為基礎邀請4位新生兒照護專家協助訂立，6個臨床問題分別經過系統性文獻查證步驟總結實證結果，證據與建議等級由4位同儕使用GRADE評定，臨床問題的證據等級介於中到高，而考量臨床情境後建議等級皆為高，因此臨床重要問題的實證結果皆納入臨床指引建議內容。臨床指引品質由4位專家使用AGREE II評值計分達平均6分，且皆建議指引被使用。臨床指引可行性由新生兒加護病房護理師協助了解內容後回饋，護理師皆認為臨床指引整體可推行於臨床，37%的護理師們建議小幅修改POFRAS與EFS的應用方式，將使臨床指引內容會更適用。
結論：本研究建立的以實證為基礎之早產兒口腔刺激發展性照護指引整合實證證據，經歷完整系統性文獻回顧與GRADE證據等級與建議強度同儕評價。並由臨床實證專家對指引品質與嚴謹度的審查以及護理師對臨床可行性進行評估，整體內容被實證專家與臨床護理師推薦應用於臨床。

In recent years, the rate of premature birth increased, and most of these preterm babies will encounter feeding difficulties because of their immature development in all systems. To help clinical nurses in the neonatal intensive unit deal with the problems during the feeding transition period of these preterm infants, we developed an evidence-based development-care clinical guideline for oral stimulation in preterm infants based on systematic and rigorous processes. In the content, we made suggestions for the criteria, preparation, assessment, procedure, and evaluation for preterm infants receiving the oral motor intervention after systematic reviews. This clinical guideline we developed was evaluated as high quality and was recommended to apply in clinical use by experts and clinical nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Key words: Premature infant, Feeding difficulties, Feeding transition period, Oral stimulation, Clinical guideline, Developmental care

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