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研究生： 李遠然
Li, Yuan-Ran
論文名稱： 大南洋地區歷史民居作為旅遊住宿空間可適性再利用與管理評估之研究
Investigation on Adaptive Reuse and Management of Historic Housing for Tourism Accommodation in Greater Nanyang
指導教授： 林蕙玟
Lin, Hui-Wen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 規劃與設計學院 - 創意產業設計研究所
Institute of Creative Industries Design
論文出版年： 2015
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 193
中文關鍵詞： 可適性再利用 、歷史民居 、旅遊住宿 、管理 、大南洋
外文關鍵詞： adaptive reuse, historic housing, tourism accommodation, heritage guesthouse, management, Greater Nanyang
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    • 歷史建築記錄了地域歷史文化與集體記憶，傳達著過去在地的生活方式與地域特色。自1970年代以來，都市化進程加快促進了以可適性再利用方式保護歷史建築這一議題，期望能同時實現期保存價值與經濟價值。1980年代後期，古蹟作為旅遊住宿空間的案例開始出現，2000年代的迅速成長則充分反映了古蹟和文化旅遊市場的需求。由此看來，無論是歷史建築的所有者和管理者，亦或是遊客對古蹟作為旅遊住宿空間都有極大之興趣。
    透過分析與歸納世界各地由古蹟改建之旅遊住宿空間之結果，發現其所在地與其原始功能（旅遊住宿除外）存在一定關係，如大部份民居和辦公空間的改建存在於亞洲，而宮殿或城堡城堡、宗教建築和工業建築的改建主要存在於歐洲。考慮到地域主義與文化、種族、建築和都市發展的相似性，本研究選取大南洋地區（南中國、港澳、台灣、馬來西亞和新加坡）歷史民居改建之旅遊住宿空間作為研究對象。
    本研究希望能透過案例學習與深度訪談，從房屋產權與經營權、可適性再利用之設計與修復、古蹟維護、旅遊住宿管理與推廣等角度，討論以旅遊住宿方式保護與管理歷史民居，並進一步延伸至大南洋區域，作為其他再利用之旅遊住宿之參考，指出如何保存與管理古蹟使其成為吸引遊客的旅遊目的地之一。同時，本研究通過了解遊客和遊客對此類旅遊住宿的評價與認知，以更好的發展古蹟旅遊住宿。

    Historic buildings are the collection of long history, memories and culture and transmit the lifestyle and feature of a region in the old time. From 1970s, due to increased urbanization, adaptive reuse becomes an essential issue in preserving historic buildings, which suggests an alignment of maintenance and economic value. Reflecting increasing demand for heritage or cultural tourism, tourism accommodation as one type of adaptive usages, became a phenomenon in late 1980s and boomed in 2000s. It seems that tourism accommodation transformed from historic buildings are becoming more and more popular to owners, managers and guests.
    After analysing the cases of worldwide tourism accommodation renovated from historic building, data shows the relationship between location and spatial facility used in the past (except hotel). This study shows that the majority of original use for housing and office is widely spread and located in Asia; whereas original function used as palace, religious and industrial buildings are most likely to be found in Europe. Considering regionalism and similarity of culture, ethnic group, architecture and urban development, the study focuses on tourism accommodations transformed from historic housing in Greater Nanyang, which includes Southern China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore.
    Through approaches of case study and in-depth interview, this study is looking into the conservation and management issue of adaptive reuse historic housing as tourism accommodation with discussion in ownership, stewardship, design, conservation, management and marketing. Moreover, the study will be extend to other reused tourism accommodations in Greater Nanyang, as a guideline highlights how to manage the conserved past as a contemporary tourist destination. Through knowing the characteristics and experiences of guests, the study also helps such tourism accommodation to deliver better services for long-term hospitality development.

    I. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Research Motivation 2 1.3 Research Objective 3 1.4 Research Question 4 1.5 Research Scope 6 II. Literature Review 7 2.1 Historic Building and Heritage in Greater Nanyang 7 2.1.1 Historic Building and Heritage 7 2.1.2 Listed Historic Building and Heritage 9 2.1.3 Historic housing in Greater Nanyang 9 2.2 Tourism Accommodation 12 2.2.1 Specialist Accommodation 13 2.2.2 Heritage Hotel 16 2.2.3 Commercial Home Enterprise (CHE) 17 2.3 Adaptive Reuse 19 2.3.1 Definition of adaptive reuse 19 2.3.2 Development of adaptive reuse 21 2.3.3 Value of adaptive reuse 23 2.3.4 Typological approach 26 2.3.5 Strategic approach 30 2.3.6 Guideline of adaptive reuse in Europe, America and Asia 31 2.4 Adaptive reuse of historic housing as tourism accommodations 33 2.4.1 Development 34 2.4.2 The reason why reusing historic housing as tourism accommodation 35 2.4.3 Conservation of historic housing for tourism accommodation 37 2.4.4 Operational management 40 III. Methodology 44 3.1 Analytic Process 44 3.2 Research design 45 3.2.1 Sampling Frame 45 3.2.2 Data generation 50 3.2.3 In-depth interview 51 3.2.4 Data collection and analysis 53 3.3 Research Limitation 55 IV. Cases Study 56 4.1 Wuzhen Guesthouse (烏鎮民宿), China 56 4.1.1 Housing Introduction 58 4.1.2 Introduction to Heritage Guesthouse 59 4.1.3 Ownership and Stewardship 61 4.2 21 Howtel, China 62 4.2.1 Housing Introduction 62 4.2.2 Introduction to Heritage Guesthouse 63 4.2.3 Ownership and Stewardship 64 4.3 Kinmen Guesthouse, Taiwan 65 4.3.1 Housing Introduction 67 4.3.2 Introduction to Heritage Guesthouse 69 4.3.3 Ownership and Stewardship 71 4.4 Dali Sky Valley Boutique Hotel, China 72 4.4.1 Housing Introduction 74 4.4.2 Introduction to Heritage Guesthouse 78 4.4.3 Ownership and Stewardship 80 4.5 23 Love Lane, Malaysia 80 4.5.1 Housing Introduction 82 4.5.2 Introduction to Heritage Guesthouse 85 4.5.3 Ownership and Stewardship 86 V. Analysis of Adaptive Reuse Process 88 5.1 Relationship of Themes in Reuse Process 90 5.1.1 Motivation 90 5.1.2 Feasibility and Acquisition 93 5.1.3 Design 95 5.1.4 Financing 98 5.1.5 Construction 99 5.1.6 Marketing 101 5.1.7 Operational Management 103 5.1.8 Guests 106 5.2 Highlights Based on Cases 107 5.2.1 Contrast between New and Old 108 5.2.2 Lifestyle 109 5.2.3 Ownership and Stewardship 111 5.2.4 Conservation 112 5.2.5 Unified Branding and Management 113 5.2.6 Community Empowerment 115 VI. Discussion and Conclusion 117 6.1 Adaptive Reuse Process 117 6.1.1 Sustainable Development of Heritage Guesthouse 117 6.1.2 Adaptive Reuse Process of Heritage Guesthouse and Relation of Process 119 6.2 Business Model 123 6.2.1 Owned and Managed by Larger Enterprise 124 6.2.2 Owned by Government and Operated by Small Enterprise or Individual 125 6.2.3 Privately Owned and Operated 126 6.2.4 Privately Owned and Operated by Tenant 127 6.3 Guests’ Experience and Service Improvement 127 6.4 Suggestion for Future Study 130 Reference 131 Appendix 140 1. Interview Questions 140 2. In-depth Interview Transcript 144 3. List of Nodes and Nodes’ Classification in Nvivo 190

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