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研究生：	許晏彰 Hsu, Yen-Chang
論文名稱：	足球長傳動作之二維生物力學分析 2D Biomechanical Analysis of Soccer Long Pass
指導教授：	徐阿田 Hsu, Ar-Tyan 張冠諒 Chang, Guan-Liang
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 醫學工程研究所 Institute of Biomedical Engineering
論文出版年：	2006
畢業學年度：	94
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	68
中文關鍵詞：	動力學、運動學、二維平面、快速動作、踢
外文關鍵詞：	kinetics, kinematics, two-dimensional plane, kicking, fast movement
相關次數：	點閱：74 下載：2
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　　在足球、橄欖球運動中，踢的動作是一項相當重要的技巧；經由適度的訓練過程，可使球員的動作更流暢、技巧更純熟。本研究目的為針對一般受測者與受過訓練的大學足球校隊球員，比較兩組在執行足球長傳（踢高）動作時的運動學及動力學差異。將10名一般受測者（年齡25.60 ±1.64）及10名校隊球員（年齡21.50 ±0.71）分成兩組，藉由6台紅外線光學攝影機(VICON 460)捉取下肢各肢段空間座標，計算分析各肢段在踢高動作中的角度、速度及角加速度變化，所得結果顯示：校隊球員與一般受測者雖然完成動作的時間，與足部踢高的高度沒有發現明顯的差異；校隊球員之大腿（p＜0.01）、小腿（p＜0.05）及足部（p＜0.05）肢段活動總角度明顯比一般受測者大，但執行加速動作所耗時間比一般受測者短（p＜0.01），且由結果亦可得到校隊球員下肢各肢段的最大角加速度也比一般受測者大。本研究推論在執行足踢動作時，經過有計畫訓練的校隊球員，由於踢球腳的後擺動作以及下肢會產生較大的加速度，將可產生較大的力量與力矩。

　Kicking is a quite important skill in soccer and Rugby. Under the training programs, the athletes could improve their skills and make movements smooth. The purposes of this study were to understand the differences of the kinematics and kinetics between trained soccer players and untrained students in the university. Twenty volunteers including 10 trained players (age 25.60 ± 1.64 years) and 10 untrained students (age 21.50 ± 0.71 years) were equally divided into two groups. The coordination of the lower limb was recorded by six optical cameras (VICON 460). The angular position, velocity and acceleration of the thigh, shank and foot were calculated in each kicking phases. The results show that no differences were found in the maximum kicking height and kicking period between the two groups. However, the total range of motion of the thigh (p＜0.01), shank (p＜0.05) and foot (p＜0.05) were significant larger in soccer players than in normal students. The period of the kicking phase was shorter in soccer players (p＜0.01). The results also indicated that the angular accelerations of the lower extremity were larger in soccer players than in normal subjects. The study concluded that due to back-swing motion of the kicking leg and the trained players could provide larger acceleration, it could produce greater forces and moments during kicking movement.

中文摘要..................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要..................................................Ⅱ
致謝..........................................................Ⅲ
總目錄......................................................Ⅳ
圖目錄......................................................Ⅶ
表目錄......................................................Ⅸ

第一章 緒論.............................................1
1 前言....................................................1
2 文獻回顧 ...........................................3
3 研究動機與目的................................7
4 實驗假說............................................7

第二章 材料與方法.................................8
1 受測對象............................................8
2 實驗儀器設備....................................9
3 實驗流程..........................................10
4 資料分析..........................................12
4.1 肢體的運動學...............................12
4.2 腳踢動作的週期定義...................12
4.3 動作執行時的肢體動力學...........14
4.4 逆向動力學原理...........................16
4.5 統計學分析...................................20

第三章 結果...........................................21
1 各肢段角度與各關節活動角度......21
1.1 大腿肢段角度變化.......................21
1.2 小腿肢段角度變化.......................23
1.3 足肢段角度變化...........................25
1.4 膝關節角度的變化.......................28
1.5 踝關節角度的變化.......................30
2 角速度與角加速度..........................34
2.1 各肢段角速度...............................34
2.2 各肢段角加速度...........................38
2.3 分期時間.......................................43
3 肢段內部的動力學..........................45
3.1 力矩值的變化...............................45
3.2 力量的變化...................................48

第四章 討論...........................................51
1 肢段角速度與膝關節的關係..........51
2 肢段與關節的活動角度..................52
3 分期時間比較..................................53
4 速度參數與力矩..............................54
5 限制與檢討......................................56

第五章 結論與未來展望.......................57
1 結論..................................................57
2 未來展望..........................................57

參考文獻................................................59

附錄A：臨床試驗說明及同意書..........63
附錄B：受測者基本資料......................67
                                    

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校內：2007-02-06公開
校外：2008-02-06公開

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