山坡地之議題長久以來受到許多研究之關注，由於山坡地地形特殊，若受到過多之人為開發壓力以及不當之開發便容易導致災害發生，因此許多關於山坡地之相關研究集中在坡地防災以及發展管理面向。卻忽略山坡地發展之過程，亦即土地使用變遷對於山坡地帶來之影響，從文獻回顧得知，由於過往對於土地使用變遷之研究著重在「量」的探討，並未能針對土地使用變遷之特性做更深入之描述，景觀生態指標能夠對於變遷之特性進行量化，並提供更完整之資訊，考量到此部份之重要性，本研究欲以此角度切入，希望能為後續山坡地之相關研究及決策提供更多資訊。
爰此，本研究之目的有三：第一為利用民國84年及95年之國土利用調查資料，以二期都會區及山坡地土地使用分布圖，分析台北都會區土地使用變遷情形，並以山坡地二期之變化做為對比，總結台北都會區與其山坡地之土地使用變遷現象；第二為利用景觀生態指標將山坡地景觀結構特性之變遷進行量化，分別以鄉鎮與村里行政界線做為二個不同的分析尺度，以面積/密度/邊緣指標和形狀指標針對山坡地景觀結構之空間異質性與破碎程度進行描述分析；第三為結合土地使用變遷影響因子配合上述實證結果，以結構方程模式對土地使用變遷因子影響土地使用變遷；以及土地使用變遷影響景觀結構變遷進行探討分析。
根據研究結果，台北都會區都市蔓延造成山坡地之土地使用變遷分析顯示住宅、商業、工業以及交通設施於山坡地上大量發展，整體而言，主要之人為開發沿著道路發展向山坡地內部延伸，對山坡地造成龐大開發壓力；景觀生態指標計算之結果亦顯示土地使用變遷造成景觀結構漸趨破碎，呈現小而零碎的發展，並且空間異質性逐漸增加，顯示山坡地缺乏完整的整體規劃；本研究結構方程式之適合度評估皆達標準，模式整體而言是可被採用的，模式之結果顯示土地使用變遷對於山坡地之景觀結構變遷的確有明顯之影響力，土地使用變遷影響因子除影響土地使用變遷之外，亦對景觀結構變遷有間接影響，未來可再針對不同面向之影響力對山坡地變遷進行探討。

Hillside’s issues have long been focused by many researches. Due to the special terrain of hillside, it will easily lead to disaster by the excessive pressure of human development and inappropriate development. For reason, many studies about hillside focused on the prevention of disaster and development management of hillside. But those researches neglected the process of hillside development could bring many effects on hillside through land-use change. From the references, past studies about land-use change focused on the “quantity” on the area of land-use change, and not described the features of land-use change deeper. Landscape ecology metrics can quantify the characteristics of the changes, and provide more complete information. Considering the significance of this part, this study will discuss in this aspect. Hoping to provide more information to relative research and decision-making.
This study has three purposes: First, use the data of land use investigation of Taiwan in two time periods for 1995 and 2006, drawing metropolitan and hillside land use distribution map. Using these maps analyzing the land use change of Taipei metropolitan, comparing with the distribution map of hillsides. Making a conclusion about the change phenomena between Taipei metropolitan and hillsides. Second, using landscape ecology metrics to quantify the changes in characteristics of landscape structure of hillsides. Town and village administrative boundaries was seen as two different scales to analyse. Using area/density/edge metrics and shape metrics analyse the degree of spatial heterogeneity and fragmentation in hillsides. Third, combining the impact factors of land use change and the empirical results above, analyzing how land use change factors effect landscape structure change of hillside by structural equation model.
According to the results, Taipei metropolitan’s urban sprawl cause that residential, commercial, industrial and transport facilities on the hillside development in a large number. On the whole, the main development extend to the interior of hillside along the road systems, cause huge development pressure to the hillside. Landscape ecology metrics’ results also show that land-use change caused the fragmentation of landscape structure, and develop in small and fragmented form. And the spatial heterogeneity increase gradually, showed a complete lack of overall planning on the hillside. The suitability evaluation of SEM is up to standard, the model can be trusted. The results show that land-use change does have significant effect on landscape structure change. The system of factor of land-use change also has indirect effect to landscape structure change. Different aspects about the effect to hillside change could be discussed in the future.

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