過去對於結構阻尼比之研究所發現兩方法， 一是採對數衰減法，其是採結構之衰減曲線求取其衰減率得出阻尼比，另一則是透過傅立葉轉換得之頻率響應曲線，求其頻寬差即為其阻尼比，然而以上兩方法皆有其不適用性，對數衰減法所需之衰減曲線難以透過實際地震事件中監測得之，而傅立葉轉換則是需預設基底函數，其為不隨時間變動，只適合處理線性及穩態之訊號。而近年發展出之HHT SHM分析方法[ 1 ]，乃是以希爾伯特-黃轉換為核心，其不須預設基底函數，可解決非線性及非穩態之複雜問題。
為求取最適之阻尼比估計法，又因最近研究中[ 1 ]，在HHT時頻譜觀察到結構主頻並非如理論所述為一定值而是具變動之現象，本研究將分為兩階段進行，第一階段先將實務中有可能造成誤差之原因剃除，採用Etabs分析軟體建立多個單自由度模型，分別設定不同結構週期、阻尼比、地震力，提取其樓頂及基底加速度，在以HHT SHM方法進行分析轉換為時頻譜，得其放大係數後沿時間軸積分得其頻率軸之邊際譜，觀察邊際譜之峰值即為結構主頻，再採用半功率頻寬法計算其阻尼比估計，找出最適估計之區段。而後第二階段採實際案例數據分析，採同樣之方法，先使用鋼構架之振動台實驗，觀察實際阻尼比與過去理論值之差異，再分析台電大樓量測數據，進一步驗證方法，觀察實際建物中包含各種非結構材及裝修外飾材之阻尼比，探討本研究方法之實際應用可行性。

The time-varying nature of structural damped response makes it difficult to estimate the damping ratios using traditional methods. In the first part of this study, therefore, a series of time-history analyses have been conducted for single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) structures with different periods and damping ratios, and for three sets of earthquake ground motions. One of the research purposes is to estimate damping ratios using the half-power bandwidth method together with the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) method, which is suitable for analyzing nonlinear and non-stationary responses. In the second part, the damping ratios were estimated for a bare steel frame used in a shaking table test and for the Taipower Building before and after adding dampers. The other purpose is to study the damping ratios for real steel structures in comparison with the theoretical value.
The results show that for SDOF systems, the damping ratios were best estimated using the P-wave response. The P-wave travels fast, and is characterized by smaller amplitudes. These features help reflect the initial state of structural vibrations before being influenced by other seismic waves with larger amplitudes. Moreover, the damping ratio was estimated to be 3.77% and over 5% respectively for the steel bare frame and building after adding dampers. The estimated damping ratios were greater than the theoretical value of 2%. The difference was thought to result from the equipment inside, non-structural components, and external decorative materials.

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