高分子發光二極體(PLEDs)藉由從陽極、陰極分別注入電洞及電子在發光層中再結合而發出不同光色。電子與電洞注入及傳輸速率之平衡對發光有非常大的影響，因此在許多研究利用多層元件來平衡電荷傳輸以達到高效率發光。傳統多層元件大部分以蒸鍍來製備，但蒸鍍需要在高溫下操作，且製備麻煩、耗費成本。故開發可用濕式製程成膜的電子注入/傳輸材料將可以降低成本且利於元件製作。
本研究利用親核基取代反應合成具有二乙二醇乙醚基之1,2,4-三氮唑化合物(3OTAZ)作為電子注入/傳輸層材料，以核磁共振光譜(1H-NMR、COSY、NOESY)、元素分析儀(EA)鑑定其結構。並探討3OTAZ之熱性質、光學性質、電化學性質、成膜表面性質與元件性質。3OTAZ具有高熱裂解溫度(Td = 376 oC)，薄膜態UV/Vis最大吸收和螢光光譜(PL)放光分別在286 nm和358 nm。3OTAZ分子具有三氮唑基團，其具低LUMO能階(-2.88 eV)及低HOMO能階(-5.86 eV)，後者能有效阻隔電洞。3OTAZ可以使用旋轉塗佈的方式製備薄膜，薄膜表面最佳粗糙度(RMS roughness = 1.65 nm)稍高於未添加3OTAZ的發光層薄膜表面粗糙度(RMS roughness = 1.27 nm)。發光元件結構以3OTAZ當電子注入/傳輸層[ITO/PEDOT:PSS/HY-PPV (80 nm)/3OTAZ (60 nm)/Al (90 nm)]，沒有電子注入/傳輸層之元件最大亮度為230 cd/m2及最大電流效率為0.02 cd/A，色度座標為(0.35, 0.60)，而有電子注入/傳輸層之元件最大亮度為2968 cd/m2及最大電流效率為0.91 cd/A，色度座標為(0.41, 0.57)，最大亮度及效率皆高於未添加3OTAZ時。研究結果顯示3OTAZ具有電子注入/傳輸及電洞阻隔特性，有效改善元件的發光效率，而且可以旋轉塗佈方式加工成膜，具有成為電子注入/傳輸材料的潛力。

An efficient electron-transporting aromatic 1,2,4-triazole core containing peripheral diethylene glycol monoethyl ethers (3OTAZ) was synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The 3OTAZ were fully characterized by 1H-NMR, elemental analysis, DSC, TGA, optical spectra, cyclic voltammetry, and AFM. It was then employed as electron-injection/transport layer (EIL/ETL) to evaluate its potential application in polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). The 3OTAZ exhibited good thermal stability with thermal decomposition temperature (5% weight loss) being above 376 oC in nitrogen atmosphere. In film state, it showed absorption and photo luminescence (PL) peaks at 286 nm and 358 nm respectively. The 3OTAZ should increase electron-transport and hole-block ability attributable to its aromatic 1,2,4-triazole core. The LUMO levels of 3OTAZ (-2.88 eV) is close to that of emitting HY-PPV (-2.8 eV), facilitating the transport of electron. The maximum brightness and current efficiency of multi-layer PLEDs [ITO/PEDOT:PSS/HY-PPV(80 nm)/3OTAZ(60 nm)/Al(90 nm)], with 3OTAZ as electron injection/transport layer were 2968 cd/m2 and 0.91 cd/A respectively, which are much better than those without 3OTAZ (230 cd/m2, 0.02 cd/A). The performance enhancement has been attributed mainly to electron injection/transport and hole-block characteristics of 3OTAZ layer. Current results indicate that the 3OTAZ is not only an efficient electron injection/transport material but also applicable in fabricating multilayer PLEDs by wet processes such as spin-coating.

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