新竹科學園區，為台灣第一個以高科技產業為主的科學園區，其中以半導體產業的群聚效應最為顯著，目前擁有全球最完整的半導體產業鏈，園區內的半導體產業以晶圓製造為核心，從上游IC設計至下游的封裝測試發展出屬於自己的一個群聚生態系，此產業群聚更是台灣經濟的重要命脈與提供國家對外競爭力的主要來源，究竟這個全球最大的半導體產業聚落，聚落內組織該如何藉由群聚效應增加其績效是值得探索的？本研究以新竹科學園區科管局所統計廠商名錄為研究對象，追蹤與整理 2011 年至 2020年期間在不同的產業群聚生態構面下(產業中心的距離、產業集群密度、產業利基寬度)，並加入產業中心的距離與產業利基寬度的調節效果，試圖探索其對企業營運績效的影響，利用多元迴歸分析來進行實證。
研究結果顯示：(1) 半導體業者與產業中心的距離愈近，則半導體業者的營運績效愈高；(2) 半導體業者其利基寬度越寬，則半導體業者的營運績效愈高；(3)相對於通才型組織，專才型組織與市場中心的距離愈大，其營運績效愈低。上述發現各具深遠的實務意涵。

關鍵字：半導體產業、新竹科學園區、資源分割、密度依賴、利基理論

Hsinchu Science Park is the first science park in Taiwan that focuses on high-tech industries. The clustering effect of the semiconductor industry is the most significant. At present, it has the most complete semiconductor industry chain in the world. It is worth exploring how should this cluster, the world's largest semiconductor industry cluster, do to increase its performance through the clustering effect?
The empirical results showed that: (1) If the enterprise were closer the distance of the industrial center, they had better operation performance of the enterprise; (2) There was significant positive relationship between the niche width and the operation performance of the enterprise; (3) The moderating effect on niche and industrial center for operation performance of the enterprise, it was supported. Each of these findings has far-reaching management implications.

Key-words: Semiconductor Industry, Hsinchu Science Park, Resource Partitioning, Density Dependence, Niche Theory

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