颱風暴潮是台灣常見的自然災害之一，為了能更了解台灣環島暴潮偏差之特性，本研究針對台灣沿海47個潮位站，自設站至2024年底的所有颱風期間，系統性整理並分析共計3651個筆暴潮事件之暴潮資料，探討台灣暴潮偏差的特性。實測結果顯示，歷年來最大暴潮偏差發生於2007年柯羅莎颱風侵襲龍洞時達1.87公尺。本研究比較我們所計算之超過1公尺的暴潮偏差與楊(2018)研究之差異，平均差距約為0.09公尺，導致原因可能是由於調和常數和資料長度之不同而導致的。另外研究發現，台灣各沿海地區超過1公尺的暴潮偏差事件多與從台灣東部經北部朝西或西北移動的西北颱有關，此結果與楊(2018)之研究一致。進一步分析亦顯示，颱風強度會影響超過1公尺暴潮的發生，超過1公尺之暴潮事件多在強烈颱風時發生。
在天文潮位分析方面，本研究以大潮作為基準，評估藍月、超級月亮與超級藍月期間各區域潮位之潮汐統計值差異。結果顯示，超級月亮與超級藍月潮位略高於大潮，差異達6到14公分，尤其以中部地區最為明顯。
本研究對極端暴潮進行更進一步的探討，以平均值加上一個標準差作為極端暴潮辦別基準，共499起事件。在極端暴潮中我們依暴潮歷線型態進行分類，分為對稱型、速升型與緩升型，其中以對稱型最常見（374起）。本研究亦對極端暴潮進行參數化分析，以後續提供作為工程應用所需之極端暴潮模擬，結果說明不同型態會影響暴潮歷線參數a、b、c、d的相對大小。此外，本文將探討颱風中心氣壓、前進速度對這些參數的影響，並求得各自參數與颱風特性之關係。

Storm surges are a frequent natural hazard in Taiwan. This study analyzes 3,651 storm surge events during typhoons based on data from 47 coastal tide gauge stations, covering periods from each station's establishment to the end of 2024. The maximum recorded surge anomaly was 1.87 meters at Longdong during Typhoon Krosa in 2007.
Storm surges exceeding 1 meter were compared with Yang (2018), showing an average difference of 0.09 meters, likely due to differences in harmonic constants and data length. Most large surge events were associated with northwesterly typhoons moving west or northwest from Taiwan’s east coast, a result consistent with previous studies. Strong typhoons were found to significantly influence the occurrence of surges over 1 meter.
Tidal analysis during spring tides, blue moons, supermoons, and super blue moons revealed that tide levels during supermoon events are 6–14 cm higher than regular spring tides, especially in central Taiwan.
Extreme storm surges, defined as those exceeding one standard deviation above the mean, totaled 499 events. These were categorized into symmetric, rapid-rise, and gradual-rise types, with symmetric being the most common. A parametric analysis of surge shapes showed that surge type influences key parameters (a, b, c, d). Additionally, relationships between typhoon characteristics—such as central pressure and movement speed—and surge parameters were established to support future engineering applications and hazard assessments.

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