隨著全球人口增加，都會區為緩解人口壓力高層建築的興建變得更加普遍，然而高層建築的結構系統較為細長，其整體勁度通常較低，因此減少風引起的振動成為一個重要課題。調諧質量阻尼器是高層建築中最常用的減振策略之一。然而，在實際應用中仍存在許多挑戰，例如調諧質量阻尼器的實際性能是否符合其初始設計，這需要通過實際實驗來進行驗證。然而，在實驗室進行實尺寸調諧質量阻尼器的減震性能測試是不切實際的，因為無法在風洞或振動台上建造真實建築同時安裝上全尺寸的阻尼器。因此大多數調諧質量阻尼器在正式安裝前並未經過實際性能測試。本研究以一個全尺寸100 噸的調諧質量阻尼器為例，提出了一個在正式安裝前進行調諧質量阻尼器的標準測試程序。該測試程序的第一步驟是進行調諧質量阻尼器的動態參數的識別。調諧質量阻尼器的動態參數通過現場自由振動試驗和振動台識別試驗結合系統識別方法兩種方式來確定，本文同時使用稀疏非線性動力識別法來識別調諧質量阻尼器的摩擦模型。此測試程序的另一個步驟是使用振動台的即時複合試驗來驗證調諧質量阻尼器在減少目標建築因風引起的振動方面的控制性能。即時複合試驗的概念是將高層建築替換為數值模型，同時將全尺寸調諧質量阻尼器保留在振動台上。通過對振動台的先進控制技術，可以模擬並驗證全尺寸調諧質量阻尼器與高層建築在受風力作用時的交互影響。考慮到即時複合試驗的高風險，本研究還提出使用硬體迴路模擬作為即時複合試驗的安全測試。硬體迴路模擬可幫助測試操作員在虛擬的即時複合試驗環境中預先測試任何硬體和軟體的穩定性。除了對阻尼器的性能測試外，本文還提出了一種基於數位孿生技術的結構健康監測架構，同時應用於調諧質量阻尼器和目標建築的長期維護。該過程包括使用智慧感測器進行遠程自動振動測量，通過線上識別分析來識別目標建築和調諧質量阻尼器的當前動態特性，並使用卡爾曼濾波估算作用在目標建築上的環境力，並提供即時 3D 動態可視化模型。

As the global population increases, high-rise buildings are built more to alleviate population pressure. However, due to the slender structural systems of high-rise buildings, they generally have lower overall stiffness, making the reduction of wind-induced vibrations a crucial issue. Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) is one of the most used strategies in high-rise buildings to reduce the vibrations caused by wind forces. Nonetheless, there are many practical challenges to overcome, such as whether the actual performance of a TMD matches its initial design. This requires verification through performing actual testing. However, conducting actual TMD vibration reduction performance testing in a laboratory setting is impractical, as it is impossible to construct the real building with the full-scale TMD in the wind tunnel or on the shaking table. Consequently, most TMDs do not undergo actual performance testing before formal installation. This research uses a full-scale 100-ton TMD as an example to propose a standard testing procedure for TMDs before formal installation. One process of this proposed testing procedure of is the identification of the TMD's dynamic parameters. The dynamic parameters of the TMD are identified using both the on-site free vibration test and the shaking table identification test with system identification methods to determine the TMD's modal parameters, and the friction model of the TMD is identified using Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy) method. The other process of this testing procedure is Real-Time Hybrid Testing with Shaking Table (RTHT-ST) to verify the TMD's control performance to reduce wind-induced vibrations in the target building. The RTHT-ST concept involves replacing the high-rise building with a numerical model while keeping the full-scale TMD on the shaking table. Through advanced control techniques of the shaking table, the interaction effects of the full-scale TMD and the high-rise building subjected to wind forces can be simulated and verified. Considering the high risk associated with RTHT-ST, this research also proposes using Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation (HILS) as a fail-safe test for RTHT-ST. HILS can help test operators to pre-test the stability of any hardware and software in a pseudo RTHT-ST environment. Besides performance testing, this dissertation also proposes a digital twin-based Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) process for the long-term maintenance of the TMD and the target building. This process includes using the smart sensors for remote automatic vibration measurement, identifying the current dynamic characteristics of the target building and TMD through online identification analysis, estimating environmental forces applying on the target building using Kalman filter, and providing real-time 3D dynamic visualization models.

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