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研究生: 吳文瑞
Wu, Wen-Ruey
論文名稱: 平面近環與幾何
Planar Nearrings and Geometry
指導教授: 柯文峰
Ke, Wen-Fong
貝德
Beidar, K. I.
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 理學院 - 數學系應用數學碩博士班
Department of Mathematics
論文出版年: 2003
畢業學年度: 91
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 54
中文關鍵詞: 平面近環區塊設計自同構
外文關鍵詞: automorphisms of block design, BIBD, geometry in fields, planar nearrings
相關次數: 點閱:177下載:6
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  • Geometry has always been a central part of mathematics.

    Clay first observed that the usual Euclidean geometry of the
    complex plane can be obtained using a double planar nearring structure
    imposed on it. This was done by first factoring the multiplicative group
    of the complex field as the direct product of the positive reals and the
    unit circle, and two planar nearring structures were obtained. Then using
    these planar nearrings he defined rays, segments and triangles using one
    of the nearrings and circles using the other. These geometric results can
    be extended to other fields, including finite fields, where the
    multiplicative group can be suitably factored.

    A finite incidence structure is sometimes also called a (finite)
    geometric structure. It is the most basic structure of the
    design theory.
    The projective and affine geometries of finite-dimensional vector spaces over
    finite fields provide the deepest source for the theory of designs.
    In fact, they are two ways of constructing $2$-design.

    Designs are usually classified by their parameter sets, by their
    membership of infinite families, or according to the type of automorphism
    group they admit --- or in other ways related to their geometric
    properties.

    In this dissertation we will first review some basic results in planar
    nearrings and blocks designs, and then review how to construct a block
    design from a planar nearring. We will also give a survey on the geometric
    properties of planar nearrings and block designs.
    Finally, we will describe the full automorphism group
    of certain simple $2$-$(v,3,lambda)$ designs which arise from
    some geometrical consideration.

    1 Planar Nearrings and Block Designs 1 1.1 Nearrings and Planar Nearrings 1 1.2 Block Designs 3 1.3 Some Relations between BIBD's and Planar Nearrings 6 2 Geometry in Fields 10 2.1 Geometry in the Complex Plane 10 2.2 Double Planar Nearrings 11 2.3 Geometric Properties in Planar Nearrings 12 2.4 Examples 17 3 More about Segments and Circles 21 3.1 Segments 21 3.2 Properties of $E_c^r$ 23 3.3 The Graphs of $E_c^r$'s 23 4 Finite Geometries and Automorphisms of Block Designs 28 4.1 Projective Geometry 28 4.2 Affine Geometry 31 4.3 Designs From Geometries 33 4.4 Automorphisms of Block Designs 35 4.5 Some General Results 37 5 Automorphism Groups of Certain Simple $2$-$(q, 3, lambda )$ Designs Constructed From Finite Fields 42 5.1 Introduction 42 5.2 The 2-design $(F, {@mathbf S}_t)$ 44 5.3 The set $U_t$ 45 5.4 Proof of Theorem 5.1.1 46 Bibliography 52

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