此論文旨在探討萊辛如何於小說中呈現「自我」並認知過去。我將《倖存者回憶錄》視為萊辛的自傳性小說，並著重其「母女關係」對萊辛這部作品所產生的影響。視「母女關係」為本論文發展的重要核心，我參考萊辛過去的訪談紀錄、個人敘述文章、以及於1994年出版的自傳《在我皮膚底下》，並將研究發現視為本論文的重要依據。首先，我企圖運用自傳理論定位此部小說，並主張 《倖存者回憶錄》應歸類為萊辛的自傳性小說。接著，以南西寇多洛的理論為出發點，研究萊辛早期的母女關係如何影響她自傳性小說中的「自我」呈現。再者，我藉助佛洛伊德的精神分析理論，分析萊辛如何藉由紀錄夢境與創造此部小說去發現以及認清過去與母親間的失敗關係，且進而去接受如此不願面對的過去也是自己生命中的一部份。最後，在完成上述三各面向的分析之後，我點出《倖存者回憶錄》在萊辛寫作生涯中的重大意義。也就是說，藉由此本小說的完成，萊辛暫且終結了先前的自傳寫作傾向，進而轉為科幻小說系列的創作。因此，《倖存者回憶錄》代表了萊辛寫作生涯中的重要轉捩點。

This thesis attempts to show how Doris Lessing represents her “self” and recognizes her past in The Memoirs of a Survivor. I regard this book as Lessing’s autobiographical fiction, and treat her “mother/daughter relationship” as a significant element to understand this book. To understand Lessing’s “mother/daughter relationship,” I refer to many of Lessing’s interviews, personal narratives and her autobiography published in 1994, Under My Skin, and regard my observations as important bases to my thesis. First, I attempt to locate this book within the field of autobiographical studies and claim that Memoirs should be classified as an autobiographical fiction. Second, by means of Nancy Chodorow’s theory, I demonstrate how Lessing’s early failed mother/daughter relationship influences her representation of “self” in this autobiographical fiction. Then, in terms of Freud’s psychoanalysis, I try to figure out how Lessing recognizes her repressed miserable past with her mother and accepts it as part of her life by recording her dreams and creating this book. Finally, I point out the significant role that The Memoirs of a Survivor plays in Lessing’s writing career. After the completion of this book, Lessing temporarily ends her previous autobiographical writing style, and shift her style to a series of science fiction. The Memoirs of a Survivor thus suggests a turning point in Lessing’s writing career.

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