| 研究生: |
徐明毅 Shiu, Ming-yi |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
2-鹵化乙醇在Cu(100)及O/ Cu(100)表面上的反應路徑:密度泛函理論研究 The Reaction Paths of β-Halohydrins on Cu(100) and O/Cu(100) Surface:A Density Functional Theory Study |
| 指導教授: |
林榮良
Lin, Jong-Liang |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
理學院 - 化學系碩士在職專班 Department of Chemistry (on the job class) |
| 論文出版年: | 2007 |
| 畢業學年度: | 95 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 169 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 密度泛函理論 、鹵化乙醇 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | DFT, Halohydrins |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:47 下載:2 |
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本篇論文是利用密度泛函理論(DFT)及搜尋過渡態和反應路徑的理論方法(LST/QST/CG、NEB),探討並比較鹵化乙醇與乙醇在Cu(100)和O/Cu(100)表面上催化反應的反應路徑。經由與實驗資料互相比較後,此套理論方法所建的模型及計算程序提供了上述反應的機構內涵。雖然對於BrCH2CH2OH和ClCH2CH2OH系統有部分不符合實驗結果(主要因素可能是理論計算低估了斷C-Br和C-Cl鍵的活化能),仍有改善的空間。但對ICH2CH2OH、FCH2CH2OH及CH3CH2OH等化合物,理論預測的反應路徑與實驗結果非常吻合。
鹵化乙醇和乙醇在乾淨的Cu(100)上斷O-H鍵的過程中,理論計算預測需要的活化能較高(25~32 kcal/mol)且皆為吸熱反應(8~14 kcal/mol)。當乙醇的β碳上鍵結了電負度較高的F和Cl原子能穩定反應的過渡態,所以理論計算所需的活化能稍低。但是在O/Cu(100)上,鹵化乙醇和乙醇的OH基與預先吸附在銅表面的O原子之間形成氫鍵,形成穩定的吸附結構。當鹵化乙醇和乙醇進行O-H斷鍵反應時,因此氫鍵的作用大大地穩定了反應的過渡態,使活化能降低很多(只需6~10 kcal/mol),因此斷O-H鍵的反應較容易進行。另一方面,鹵化乙醇和鹵化乙烷在乾淨的Cu(100)上斷鹵-碳鍵的過程中,β碳上OH基對碳-鹵鍵斷裂所需的活化能有提高的效果。
In the framework of density functional theory (DFT), the method of transition state searching / confirmation algorithm based on LST/QST/CG and NEB, have been employed to investigate the reaction pathways of β-halohydrins and ethanol on Cu(100) and O/Cu(100) surfaces. Comparing with the experiment data, the model built and calculation procedure indeed provides the insights of the eaction processes. Although the calculation results of BrCH2CH2OH and ClCH2CH2OH are not in accord with the experimental ones in part (probably due to underestimated activation energies of scission of the C-Br and C-Cl bonds ). The predicated reaction pathways of ICH2CH2OH , FCH2CH2OH and CH3CH2OH match well with the results found experimentally.
The O-H bond scission of β-halohydrins and ethanol on Cu(100) is predicted to have a higher activation energy ( Ea = 25~32 kcal/mol) and the reactions are endothermic ( ΔH = 8~14 kcal/mol). A electronegative atom, such as F or Cl, bonded to β position of ethanol can slightly stabilize the transition state involving the O-H breakage. On a O/Cu(100) surface, the OH bond of β-halohydrins and ethanol adsorbed can form hydrogen bonding with the pre-covered oxygen. The transition states of O-H bond scission of β-halohydrins and ethanol are therefore stabilized and the activation energies are significantly decreased down to 6~10 kcal/mol. In comparison to ethyl halides, the activation energies of C-X bond scission ofβ-halohydrins on Cu(100) are slightly higher.
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