簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 洪聖修
Hung, Shen-Hsiu
論文名稱: 幾丁聚醣顆粒固定化惡臭假單胞菌對酚降解的評估
The evaluation of phenol degradation by immobilization of Pseudomonas putida onto chitosan beads
指導教授: 林睿哲
Lin, Jui-Che
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年: 2004
畢業學年度: 92
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 70
中文關鍵詞: 固定化幾丁質酚的代謝惡臭假單胞菌幾丁聚醣
外文關鍵詞: phenol degradation, immobilization, chitin, chitosan, Pseudomonas putida
相關次數: 點閱:114下載:1
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  •   本研究是利用幾丁聚醣乳酸水溶液與三聚磷酸鈉,以物理膠聯的方式固定單胞菌後,再進行酚代謝的測試。

      從實驗的結果,我們有以下的結論:
    (1)惡臭假單胞菌在被酚馴化之後對於酚有很好的適應性
    (2)惡臭假單胞菌可以在固定化的過程中存活,藉由與幾丁聚醣乳酸水溶液和三聚磷酸鈉的抗菌測試中得知
    (3)我們藉由低溫來增加幾丁聚醣的內聚力作用,進而減少高分子在膠體的固定化的用量
    (4)固定高菌量的惡臭假單胞菌以及膠聯高濃度的膠聯劑可以在較少的天數將酚代謝

      在酚代謝的實驗中,固定三倍菌量的惡臭假單胞菌以及膠聯1 wt%的三聚磷酸鈉所形成的幾丁聚醣顆粒有最高的代謝效率。這可能是殘留的菌液、因震盪而脫落的菌以及固定化顆粒表面上的菌所共同造成的貢獻。

      In this study, we used chitosan lactic acid solution (CLS) and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) to immobilize the Pseudomonas putida by physical iontropic gelation and regarded it as a biocatalyst for the biodegradation of phenol.

      From the results, our conclusions are as followings:
    (1)The Pseudomonas putida can be acclimatized by the phenol and have well adaptability.
    (2)The Pseudomonas putida stays alive in the process of immobilization according to the experimental results of the extended direct contact with CLS and TPP.
    (3)Owing to the effect of the low temperature, the concentration of chitosan could be reduced in the immobilization process.
    (4)A greater amount of immobilized Pseudomonas putida and/or a higher concentration of gelling agent can lead to a faster phenol degradation rate.

      In this study, the immobilized chitosan beads embed by 3×10^9 CFU of the bacterials and gelated with 1 wt% of tripolyphosphate have the highest phenol degradation efficiency. This can be attributed to the residual cells from the washing, the cells fallen from the external surface of the beads due to vibration and the cells immobilized onto the chitosan beads.

    中文摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 IX 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文獻回顧 3 2-1有機化合物的生物轉化作用 3 2-1-1 酚污染的危害 3 2-1-2 微生物程序:生物分解作用 3 2-1-3 惡臭假單胞菌(Pseudomonas Putida) 4 2-2 細胞固定化技術 5 2-2-1 定義與概念 5 2-2-2 細胞固定化方法 5 2-2-3 固定化技術的限制 8 2-3 幾丁聚醣(CHITOSAN) 9 2-3-1 來源 9 2-3-2 製備 10 2-3-3 物理與化學性質 10 2-3-4 對金屬離子的螯合作用 11 2-3-5 幾丁聚醣在膠體包埋的應用性 11 2-3-6 應用與市場 12 第三章 實驗內容 23 3-1 實驗藥品與儀器 23 3-1-1 藥品與溶液配製 23 3-1-2 儀器 25 3-2 實驗步驟 26 3-2-1 使用菌株 26 3-2-2 培養基 26 3-2-3 單胞菌的培養 27 3-2-4 膠體固定化 28 3-2-5 菌體的包埋固定化 29 3-3 分析與鑑定 31 3-3-1 酚的測定 31 3-3-2 幾丁聚醣顆粒的型態與強度分析 32 3-3-3 酚降解的測試 32 3-3-4 洗液的分析及固定化顆粒上菌體流失 33 第四章 結果與討論 40 4-1酚測定方法 40 4-2 細胞生長曲線與酚的代謝能力 40 4-3 膠體固定化 40 4-4 幾丁聚醣顆粒的表面型態分析 41 4-5 機械性質測試 42 4-6 抗菌測試 43 4-7 酚降解測試 44 4-7-1 未馴化單胞菌固定化 44 4-7-2 洗液與顆粒測試 45 4-7-3 馴化後單胞菌固定化 46 第五章 結論與未來展望 64 參考文獻 66

    【1】 陸杰人編,環工科學導論,新學識文教出版中心,1988年。
    【2】 P. Kumaran and N. Shivaraman, “Biological Treatment of Toxic Industrial Wastes”, in Biotreatment systems, vol.1, D. L. Wise Ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, p.227~283, 1988.
    【3】 Zümriye Aksu, Gültac Bülbül, “Determination of the Effective Diffusion Coefficient of Phenol in Ca-alginate-immobilized P. Putida Beads”, Enzyme and Micorbial Technology, vol.25, p.344~348, 1999.
    【4】 Gabriel Bitton, “Fate of Xenobiotics and Toxic Metals in Wastewater Treatment Plants”, chapter 18 in Wastewater Microbiology, Gabriel Bitton Ed., John Wiley & Sons publication, New York, 1999
    【5】 Patricia H. Clarke and Nicholas Ornston, “Metabolic Pathways and Regulation:Ⅰ”, chapter 7 in Genetics and Biochemistry of Pseudomonas, edited by P. H. Clarke and M. H. Richmond, John Wiley & Sons publication, Great Britain, p.191~261, 1975.
    【6】 Ren Der Yang and Arthur E. Humphery, “Dynamic and Steady Studies of Phenol Biodegradation in Pure and Mixed Cultures”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.17, p.1211~1235, 1975.
    【7】 Zümriye Aksu, Gültac Bülbül, “Investigation of the Combined Effects of External Mass Transfer and Biodegradation Rates on Phenol Removal Using Immobilized P. Putida in a Packed-bed Column Reactor”, Enzyme and Micorbial Technology, vol.22, p.397~403, 1997.
    【8】 趙乃昕、王尊哲、蔡文城、馬麥生編著,醫學細菌詞彙及分類鑑定,九州圖書,台北市,1999年。
    【9】 Tsuey-Ping Chung, Hsiu-Ya, Ruey-Shin Juang, “Mass transfer effect and intermediate detection for phenol degradation in immobilized Pseudomonas putida system”, Process Biochemistry, vol.38, p.1497~1507, 2003.
    【10】 Chih-Jen Lu, Chi-Mei Lee and Chiou-Zong Huang, “Biodegradation of Chlorophenols by Immobilized Pure-Culture Microorganisms”, Water Science and Technology, vol.34, p.67~72, 1996.
    【11】 Winfried Hartmeier, “Methods of Immobilization”, chapter 6 in Immobilized Biocatalysts, translated by Joy Wieser, printed in Germany, p.22~50, 1988.
    【12】 沈宗禮著,制放技術與微粒包覆,高立出版,p.127~134,1980年。
    【13】 Shiow-Ling Lee, Hsin-Yi Cheng, Wen-Chang Chen and Cheng-Chun Chou, “Production of γ-decalactone From Ricinoleic Acid by Immobilized Cells of Sporidipbolus Salmonicolor”, Process Biochemistry, vol.33, p.452~459, 1998.
    【14】 M. I. González Siso, E. Lang, B. Carrenõ-Gómez, M. Becerra, F. Otero Espinar and J. Blanco Méndez, “Enzyme Encapsulation on Chitosan Microbeads”, Process Biochemistry, vol. 32, p.211~216, 1997.
    【15】 Joel R. Fried, “Network Polymers:Elastomers and Thermosets”, chapter 9 in Polymer Science and Technology, Joel R. Fried Ed., Prentice-Hall International, p.314~336, 1995.
    【16】 Amihay Freeman and Yael Dror, “Immobilization of ‘Disguised’ Yeast in Chemically Crosslinked Chitosan Beads”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.44, p.1083~1088, 1994.
    【17】 Wang Jianlong and Qian Yi, “Microbial Degradation of 4-Chlorophenol by Microorganisms Entrapped in Carrageenan-chitosan Gels”, Chemosphere, vol.38, p.3109~3117, 1999.
    【18】 Ik-Keum Yoo, Gi Hun Seong, Ho Nam Chang and Joong Kon Park, “Encapsulation of Lactobacillus Casei Cells in Liquid-core Alginate Capsules for Lactic Acid Production”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, vol.19, p.428~433, 1996.
    【19】 Somesh C. Nigam, I-Fu Tsao, Akiyoshi Sakoda and Henry Y. Wang, “Techniques for Preparing Hydrogel Membrane Capsules”, Biotechnology Techniques, vol.2, p.271~276, 1988.
    【20】 Ichiro Chibata and Lemuel B. Wingaed, “Immobilized Microbial Cells”, volume 4 in Applied Biochemistry and Bioengineering, edited by Lemuel B. Wingaed, Jr., Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir and Leon Goldstein, Academic Press, p190~245, 1983.
    【21】 Figen Zihnioğlu, Azmi Telefoncu, “Diffusion Characteristics of Chitosan-entrapped Microsomal UDP-glucuronyl Transferase Gel Beads”, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol.1244, p.291~294, 1995.
    【22】 Peter Grunwald, “Determination of Effective Coefficients-an Important Parameter for the Efficiency of Immobilized Biocatlysts”, Biochemical Education, vol.17, p.99~102, 1989.
    【23】 陳國誠,微生物酵素工程學,藝軒圖書出版社,1992年。
    【24】 蔣挺大編著,甲殼素,中國環境科學出版社,1994年。
    【25】 F. A. Putri and John F. Kennedy, “Application of Chitin and Chitosan”, Carbohydrate Polymers, vol.34, p.414,1998.
    【26】 K. Kurita, “Chemistry and Application of Chitin and Chitosan”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol.59, p.117~120,1998.
    【27】 Riccardo Mussarelli, Charles Jeuniaux and G. W. Gooday edited, Chitin in Nature and Technology, Plenum Press, New York, 1986.
    【28】 Yoahihide Kawamura, Masaki Mitsuhashi and Hiroaki Tanibe, “Adsorption of Meatl Ions on Polyaminated Highly Porous Chitosan Chelating Resin”, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.32, p.386~391, 1993.
    【29】 R. A. A. Muzzarelli, Natural Chelating Polymers:Alginate Acid, Chitin and Chitosan, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973.
    【30】 M. Rhazi, J. Desbrières, A. Tolaimate, M. Rinaudo, P. Vottero, A. Alagui, M. El Meray, “Influence of the Nature of the Metal Ions on the Complexation with Chitosan. Application to the Treatment of Liquid Waste”, European Polymer Journal, vol.38, pp.1523~1530, 2002.
    【31】 Inger M.N. Vold, Kjell M. Vårum, Eric Guibal, Olav Smidsrød, “Binding of ions to chitosan-selectivity studies”, Carbohydrate Polymer, vol.54, pp.471-477, 2003.
    【32】 糜福龍,幾丁聚醣應用於藥物集疫苗傳輸系統之設計及研究,國立中央大學化學工程研究所博士論文,1997年。
    【33】 Z. Aydin, J. Akbuğa, “Chitosan Beads for the Delivery of Salmon Calcitonin:Preparation and Release Characteristics”, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, vol.131, pp.101~103, 1996.
    【34】 Valentino M. Kaya, Gaston Picard, “Stability of Chitosan Gel as Entrapment Matrix of Viable Scenedesmus bicellularis Cells Immobilized on Screens for Tertiary Treatment of Wastewater”, Bioresource Technology 56, p.147~155, 1996.
    【35】 Valentino M. Kaya and Gaston Picard, “The Viability of Scenedesmus bicellularis Cells Immobilized on Alginate Screens Following Nutrient Starvation in Air at 100% Relative Humidity”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.46, p.456~464,1995.
    【36】 K. D. Vorlop and J. Klein, “Entrapment of Microbial Cells in Chitosan”, Methods in Enzymology, vol.135, p.259~269, 1987.
    【37】 田蔚城,生物產業與製藥產業,九州圖書文物有限公司,台北市,1998年。
    【38】 陳國誠,生物固定化技術與產業應用,茂昌圖書有限公司,2000年。
    【39】 Cordon A. Hill and Campbell W. Robinson, “Substrate Inhibition Kinetics : Phenol Degradation by Pseudomonas Putida”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.17, p.1599~1615, 1975.
    【40】 A. D. Eaton., L. S. Clesceri, A. E. Greenburg., “5530D Direct Photometric Methods” in Standard methods for The Examination of Water and Wastewater, Washington, D.C., American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Environment Federation, p.5-33, 1992.
    【41】 E. J. Emerson, “The Condensation of Aminoantipyrine.Ⅱ. A New Color Test for Phenolic Compounds”, Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.8, p.417~420, 1943.

    下載圖示 校內:2009-07-15公開
    校外:2009-07-15公開
    QR CODE