銅為金屬處理及半導體電子產業重要廢水成分，目前針對含銅廢水之處理方法以化學混凝沉澱法、離子交換法、薄膜處理、吸附、電解回收及蒸發回收這些方法為主，但這些方法大多設置成本與處理成本高。本研究擬開發使用成本較低之吸附劑，探討其吸附銅之可行性。研究中以工業級矽藻土為主要吸附劑，利用其多孔洞特性結構，以化學方式進行活化改質。活化改質之後針對產物做表面特性分析，包括掃描式電子顯微鏡、X光繞射、傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜、X光螢光分析、比表面積和孔徑分佈。由X光繞射儀(XRD)的鑑定可發現矽藻土主要是由結晶性的SiO2(Quartz)組成；而其主要元素為Si、O、Al、Fe。
改質矽藻土吸脫附銅實驗結果顯示，吸附平衡所需時間為48小時，脫附平衡為24小時。矽藻土對銅吸附平衡式均可用Freundlich及Langmuir等溫吸附線來描述。原始工業級矽藻土在pH = 5.5、銅初始濃度為20 mg/L的條件下具有飽和吸附量約10 mg/g；改質後工業級矽藻土在相同條件下，飽和吸附量達52 mg/g，脫附後再次進行吸附銅亦有40 mg/g以上之吸附量，顯示矽藻土改質活化後確實提升吸附量，具有放大實務化之價值。

Copper is an important pollutant in the wastewater of metal treatment and semi-conductor industries. Among the wastewater treatment processes, adsorption is a relatively inexpensive method for the removal of copper from wastewater. The aim of this research is to develop a low cost adsorbent for the application in the wastewater treatment.
Several diatomite were employed in this study as raw materials of adsorbent. After surface modification, the adsorbent was used in adsorption experiments of copper and other heavy metals in aqueous phase. The surface properties of virgin diatomite and modified diatomite were tested with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray fluorescent analysis (XRF), specific surface area, and pore size distribution. Based on the analytical results, the adsorbent was relatively porous, the surface of diatomite was SiO2 (Quartz), and the major elements were silicon, oxygen, aluminum, and iron.
The adsorption experiments reflect that about 48 hours are needed for equilibrium to reach for the adsorption of copper onto the modified diatomite, and about 24 hours are needed for desorption. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations are able to describe the adsorption capacity for the copper/modified diatomite systems. The adsorption capacity at pH = 5.5 and initial concentration = 10 mg/g of copper, was about 10 mg/g for virgin diatomite. After modification, the adsorption capacity increased by 5 times, and became 52 mg/g. After desorption and re-activation, the adsorption capacity for the modified diatomite still had 40 mg/g, indicting the potential of application in the wastewater treatment.

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