隨著時代變遷，人們的生活模式亦隨之改變。近年來人與環境共同依存成為國際間討論的熱門議題，在教育、自然與社會環境變化之下，培養環境公民與學習社群，增進全民環境倫理與責任，以達到永續發展之目的已經成為國際共同目標。我國隨著「環境教育法」的實施，環境教育場域亦受到重視。「環境教育場域」是利用在地特性及多元的教育資源，透過場域的自然、人文、歷史、社會、文化等特性，引導參與者以正確態度對待環境資源，進而提升人們的環境素養。此外，諸多環教場域雖然沒有申請環保署認證，仍有良好的環境教育場域之條件，故本研究中包含無認證之環教場域，探討各類型環教場域之環境設計與環境素養提升之關聯性。
本研究以台灣高雄地區之各類型環境教育場域作為研究範圍，針對13個場域進行問卷抽樣調查。共發出464份問卷，回收有效問卷427份，先以文獻分析與因素分析萃取出參與動機、環境設計感知、情感評價、參訪體驗以及環境素養等構面之因子，再經由分析方法使用描述性統計、項目與信度分析、因素分析、相關分析、結構方程模式分析、單因子變異數分析與獨立樣本t檢定等，以驗證本研究之各項假設。研究結果顯示，環教場域之總體層次「環境設計感知」會正向影響「環境素養」；參與者個體層次之「參與動機」、「參訪體驗」及「情感評價」會正向影響參與者的「環境素養」。當來訪者得到正面的經驗與感受，學習的效果也隨之提升。
由上述研究結果得知，參與動機、環境設計感知、情感評價、參訪體驗、對於環境素養之影響性，建構環境教育場域需要有環境設計基礎，並了解民眾參與動機的拉力及推力後，建立優質的環境設計感知，使來訪者在場域中獲得良好的情感評價及參訪體驗後，進而提升民眾之環境素養。在環境教育場域規劃上，建議優先考慮體驗場所規劃、導覽系統和休憩空間，注重舒適性與體驗性，並配合課程引導，使人們對場域有更充分的理解與認識。本研究供建築專業、環境教育工作者和場域管理人員能在有限的資源下，提出最有效率的環境教育場域規劃與經營管理上的策略參考，期望能精確的提升環境教育成效，實踐永續發展的目標。

As the times change, the interdependence between humans and the environment has become a prominent topic of international discussion in recent years. Cultivating environmental literacy among the general public has become a shared international goal to achieve sustainable development. Environmental education sites utilize local characteristics and diverse educational resources to guide participants in adopting the correct attitude towards environmental resources, thereby enhancing people's environmental literacy. Positive experiences and perceptions among visitors contribute to improved learning outcomes.
This study focuses on various types of environmental education sites in the Kaohsiung area of Taiwan and conducts a questionnaire survey among 13 selected sites. The research findings indicate that constructing effective environmental education sites requires understanding participants' motivations and establishing high-quality environmental design to provide visitors with positive emotional evaluations and visitation experiences, thereby enhancing the environmental literacy of the general public. In terms of planning, it is recommended to prioritize the design of experiential spaces, navigation systems, and recreational areas, emphasizing comfort and experiential qualities, while also incorporating curriculum guidance to ensure a comprehensive understanding and recognition of the sites. This study provides professionals with references to develop efficient planning strategies under limited resources, with the aim of accurately improving the effectiveness of environmental education and achieving sustainable development goals.

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