本研究自2012年11月底，連續三個月於台南成功大學卓群大樓樓頂以高時間解析率之氣膠化學成份監測儀(Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor, ACSM)量測台南市次微米微粒化學組成及濃度趨勢變化，並以濾紙匣系統(Filter Pack)手動採樣分析PM1質量濃度與成份組成，比較兩者之趨勢分布及相關程度。此外，本研究亦使用正矩陣因子法(Positive Matrix Factorization, PMF)進行解析氣膠化學成份監測儀之有機質譜數據，配合環保署台南中山測站之監測數據，判別台南市次微米微粒之主要有機成分類型、來源及其貢獻比例。
　　研究結果顯示，監測期間ACSM之次微米微粒平均濃度為25.6±13.6µg/m3，次微米微粒中各個成分平均濃度分別為OM：10.0±6.32 µg/m3、SO42-：4.30±2.25 µg/m3、NO3-：6.61±4.40 µg/m3、NH4+：3.78±1.77 µg/m3及Cl-：0.82±0.73µg/m3。將其與環保署台南測站(中山測站)之PM2.5濃度趨勢圖相比較，其相關係數可達0.76；PM1手動採樣平均質量濃度為34.3±13.8µg/m3。各項PM1離子中，採樣期間以SO42-平均濃度最高，為8.85±3.91 µg/m3，其次為NO3-，採樣期間平均濃度為7.31±4.46 µg/m3。其他離子之濃度分別為，Cl-：1.00±0.65、NH4+：4.34±2.20、Na+：0.70±0.34、K+：0.49±0.30、Mg2+：0.28±0.16、Ca2+：1.77±0.94 µg/m3。碳成分之結果OC與EC平均濃度分別為5.05±2.23及1.04±0.59 µg/m3。
　　本研究以PMF解析次微米微粒有機氣膠之特性，共解析出四種有機氣膠特性，以低揮發性氧化有機氣膠LV-OOA占有整體比例最高(55%)，其次為半揮發性氧化有機氣膠SV-OOA(19%)，類碳氫有機氣膠HOA(14%)與生質燃燒排放有機氣膠BBOA(12%)。
　　事件日中擴散增量濃度之部分，除完全擴散增量型與完全額外增量型外，其他主要擴散增量時間區間皆於上午八時至下午一時及下午六時至十一時，而擴散增量最少之時間區間則約為下午二時至四時。額外增量之部分，主要增量物種為OM中之LV-OOA、SV-OOA以及NO3-與SO42-，顯示事件日中額外增量之部分主要以二次衍生物為主。

　　The characteristics of concentrations and chemical compositions of submicron aerosol (PM1) were measured by the Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) at National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) in Tainan from November 2012 to February 2013. In the meantime, PM1 was also measure by filter pack system to analyze the chemical compositions and to compare with those by ACSM. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was used to resolve ACSM organic aerosol mass spectra to characterize the sources and evolutions of ambient organic aerosol.
　　Submicron aerosol concentration measured by ACSM was 25.6±13.6 μg/m3 for the entire study, and correlated well with PM2.5 concentration at EPA air quality Tainan site (R=0.76). The ratio of PM1 to PM2.5 is approximately 0.56. The average concentrations of organic component, nitrate, sulfate, ammonium and chlorine were 10.0±6.32, 6.61±4.40, 4.30±2.25, 3.78±1.77 and 0.82±0.73 μg/m3 respectively. PM1 measured by filter pack system is average 34.3±13.8 µg/m3, and the concentrations of each chemical species were shown as following: SO42-(8.85±3.91 µg/m3), Cl-(1.00±0.65 µg/m3), NH4+(4.34±2.20 µg/m3), Na+(0.70±0.34 µg/m3), K+(0.49±0.30 µg/m3), Mg2+(0.28±0.16 µg/m3), Ca2+(1.77±0.94 µg/m3), OC(5.05±2.23 µg/m3), EC(1.04±0.59 µg/m3).
　　Four factors have been determined by using PMF to characterize the sources and evolutions of ambient organic aerosols (OA). Among the four factors, low-volatility oxygenated OA (LV-OOA) had the highest proportion (55%) of total OA, followed by hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) of 14%, semi-volatile oxygenated OA (SV-OOA) of 19% and biomass burning OA (BBOA) of 12%.
　　In the PM2.5 event, the increase of concentration caused by dispersion is significant from 8 am to 1 pm and from 6 pm to 11 pm, and it is not significant from 2 pm to 4 pm. In the part of excess source, the dominant excess species of PM1 was LV-OOA, SV-OOA, SO42-and NO3-, and it show that secondary pollutants are main excess source.

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