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研究生： 吳俊杰
Wu, Jun Jie
論文名稱： 基於量子干涉的反向共振四波混頻研究
Backward resonant four-wave mixing by quantum interference
指導教授： 陳泳帆
Chen, Yong-Fan
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 物理學系
Department of Physics
論文出版年： 2016
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 57
中文關鍵詞： 四波混頻 、共振 、轉換效率41.3%
外文關鍵詞： Four-wave mixing, resonant, conversion efficiency 41.3%
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    • 本論文探討基於量子干涉效應下的反向共振四波混頻的轉換效率。從推導四波混頻的理論中得知正向共振四波混頻在最好的條件下的最高轉換效率達25%，然而反向共振四波混頻的最高轉換效率在光學密度約250 時可達97%。本研究利用冷銣原子之N 型結構四能階系統來進行反共振四波混頻實驗，在固定耦合光光強為2.3 mW/cm2 及4.7 mW/cm2 下，藉由改變驅動光的拉比頻率來找尋最大轉換效率。實驗結果顯示在系統參數光學密度為48 及耦合光光強為2.3 mW/cm2 和驅動光光強為1.2 mW/cm2 下，轉換效率最高可達41.3%。此結果雖然尚未達到理論預測的最大轉換效
    率，但直接證實了反向共振四波混頻的轉換效率可突破正向共振四波混頻的最高效率25%。

    We report on an experimental observation of backward resonant four-wave mixing by quantum interference. We derive the theory of four wave mixing and confirm that the highest conversion efficiency of forward four-wave mixing is 25%. However, the highest conversion efficiency of backward resonant four-wave mixing can reach about 97% when optical density approaches to 250. In our research, we use N-type four energy levels system in cold rubidium
    atom to proceed backward resonant four-wave mixing experiments. By fixing the intensity of coupling light intensity at 2.3 mW/cm2 and 4.7 mW/cm2, we alter the Rabi frequency of driving light to search the highest conversion efficiency. The experimental result is that the conversion efficiency can reach 41.3% when systematic parameters are optical density equal to 48, coupling light intensity at 2.3 mW/cm2, and driving light intensity at 1.2 mW/cm2. Although this consequence dose not achieve the maximum conversion efficiency predicted
    by theoretical model, it approve that the conversion efficiency of resonant backward four-wave mixing can breakthrough the highest efficiency of resonant forward four-wave mixing, which is 25%.

    摘要i Abstract ii 誌謝iii Table of Contents iv List of Tables vi List of Figures vii Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Theoretical model 3 2.1. Electromagnetically induced transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.2. Four-wave mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2.1. Forward four-wave mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2.2. Backward four-wave mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.3. Phase mismatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.3.1. Phase mismatch in FFWM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.3.2. Phase mismatch in BFWM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Chapter 3. Experimental system and setup 22 3.1. Cold atom system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.1.1. Rubidium atom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.1.2. Magneto-optical trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2. Electromagnetically induced transparency System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3.3. Backward four-wave mixing system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Chapter 4. Experimental result and discussion 32 4.1. Electromagnetically induced transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 4.2. Backward four-wave mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 4.2.1. Backward Four Wave Mixing at Ωc = 0:4Γ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 4.2.2. Backward four-wave mixing at Ωc = 0:56Γ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.2.3. Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Chapter 5. Conclusion and outlook 47 References 48 Appendix A. Another derivation of BFWM 50 Appendix B. Measuring beam size 53 Appendix C. The step of establishing BFWM experiment 55

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