智慧城市作為促進城市轉型、提高公民生活品質的一種手段，近年來已成功吸引城市利益相關者的興趣，並逐漸被越來越多的地方政府納入其政策議程。作為世界上最大的開發中國家，中國大陸的智慧城市建設主要是以地方試點的方式推行。自2013年住建部公佈首批試點城市以來，現有被納入國家級試點範圍的縣市已多達290多個，其中包括所有副省級以上城市和超過80%的地級市。然而歷經數年時間，中國大陸智慧城市試點建設雖取得了一定進展，卻也暴露出諸多潛在的問題，例如缺乏統籌協調導致各項政策相互衝突、重複建設現象嚴重，以及過於關注技術投入致使城市缺乏韌性等。因此就現階段而言，大多數城市試點並沒有產生預期的可交付成果。
現有研究文獻已針對影響智慧城市試點的驅動因素進行了多面向的討論，然而事實上，很少有研究關注這些單一要素的聯合影響。為了彌補這一差距，本研究主要運用了與先前研究不同的模糊集質性比較分析（fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis, fsQCA）方法，基於主成分分析得出的績效評估結果，從技術、組織與外部環境三個維度對中國大陸地區25個重要試點城市進行了組態分析，以探索邁向高智慧城市試點成效之有效策略及其多元發展路徑。
研究結果表明，就中國大陸城市而言，智慧城市的試點建設會受到多重因素的共同作用，且至少存在四種不同的條件組態影響智慧城市試點的發展模式，具體可概括為：「高技術基礎*高政治支持*高公眾需求壓力」、「高技術基礎*高財政投入*高政治支持*高府際競爭壓力」、「高技術基礎*高財政投入*高公眾需求壓力*高府際競爭壓力」以及「高技術基礎*高財政投入」。另外地理區位不同的沿海與內陸城市也具有完全不同的發展路徑，這些路徑整體來看具有很強的一致性。因此智慧城市並不存在唯一的建置模式以及所謂的「最優路線」，任何城市的數位轉型在很大程度上都取決於當地不同因素的綜合影響。城市管理者應當嘗試了解這些條件因素，明確自身優勢所在，並以解決當前城市需求或問題作為優先事項，從而推動智慧城市戰略和行動朝著適合自身的領域發展。

As an effective way to promote urban transformation and improve the quality of life of citizens, smart city has successfully attracted the attention of urban stakeholders and researchers. The construction of smart city in mainland China is mainly carried out on a pilot basis. Since the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development announced the first batch of pilot cities in 2013, more than 290 cities and counties have been included in the national pilot project. However, although smart city pilots have made some progress during these years, there have also exposed many potential problems, such as excessive focus on technology leading to a lack of resilience in cities. Therefore, the smart city projects in most cities have not achieved the expected results until now.
Existing research has discussed some factors affecting the smart city pilots. However, few studies have focused on the combined effects of these single factors. To fill the gap, this study uses the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method that is different from previous studies, and mainly analyzes the conditional configurations of 25 pilot cities in mainland China from the three dimensions of technology, organization, and environment, in order to explore the multiple pathways towards the high level of smartness.
The results suggest that the construction of smart cities will be affected by multiple factors, and there are at least four different configurations that may influence the good performance of smart city pilots. In addition, coastal and inland cities have completely different development pathways. Therefore, there is no unique development model and "optimal route" for the efficient construction of smart cities. The smart transformation of any city is largely dependent on a combination of different influencing factors. Urban policymakers should try to understand these factors, figure out what their strengths are, and prioritize addressing current urban needs or problems.

一、中文部分
（一）期刊
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（三）政府文件
《中共無錫市委、無錫市人民政府關於印發『無錫市推進新型智慧城市建設三年行動計劃（2018-2020年）』的通知》，2018，無錫市人民政府，網站：http://www.wuxi.gov.cn/doc/2018/08/31/2539940.shtml
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