| 研究生: |
吳啟璿 Wu, Chi-Hsuan |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
受控外國公司專法實施後對臺灣上市櫃公司有效稅率之影響 The Impact of the Implementation of the Controlled Foreign Company Legislation on the Effective Tax Rates of Publicly Listed Companies in Taiwan |
| 指導教授: |
張紹基
Chang, Shao-Chi |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 經營管理碩士學位學程(AMBA) Advanced Master of Business Administration (AMBA) |
| 論文出版年: | 2025 |
| 畢業學年度: | 113 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 61 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 租稅規避 、盈餘管理 、受控境外盈餘 、關係⼈交易 、股利⽀付率 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Tax Avoidance, Earnings Management, Foreign Retained Earnings, Related-Party Transactions, Dividend Payout Ratio |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:23 下載:4 |
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在全球化之下,跨國業務已成為常態,然而,在各國課稅範圍及主權的定義分歧之下,受控外國公司的認定成為了國際避稅手段的漏洞,於是各國陸續建立反國際避稅制度加以應對。臺灣同樣於民國94年度及民國100年度分別實施反非常規移轉訂價及反資本弱化制度,限制公司透過特定手段保留利潤於境外,以規避境內所得稅。然而,因為受控外國公司的存在,公司得以運用無數種手段,保留利潤於受控外國公司,過去制度並未於根本解決問題。因此,我國於民國105年修訂受控外國公司專法,並於民國112年度正式實施,期望透過限制國際避稅之根本-受控外國公司,更釜底抽薪地解決國際避稅問題。於是,在法規實施的兩年後,本研究以民國110年度至民國113年度臺灣上市櫃公司之財務資料,探討受控外國公司專法之影響。
為探討受控外國公司專法實施後之成效,本研究以有效稅率作為影響指標,設計迴歸模型證實在法規實施後,有效稅率(ETR)顯著增加。另外,由於受控外國公司專法對臺灣上市櫃公司租稅規劃具有關鍵性的影響,本研究希望透過過去研究使用之積極避稅指標,探討在法規實施後,是否仍能維持租稅規避之效果。本研究設計迴歸模型證實在法規實施前,總盈餘管理(TOTALEM)、受控境外盈餘(FRE)及關係人交易(RPT)皆與有效稅率(ETR)呈現顯著負相關;法規實施後則皆呈現不顯著之關聯性,顯示法規實施在限制公司積極避稅之成效。此外,本研究探討法規實施後股利支付率與有效稅率之關聯性。由於公司盈餘分派股利之稅盾效果,與公司保留盈餘於受控外國公司避稅之效果相互抵銷,本研究設計迴歸模型證實在法規實施前,股利支付率(DPR)與有效稅率(ETR)呈現不顯著之關聯性;法規實施後則呈現顯著負相關,凸顯股利支付稅盾之效果。
最後,本研究亦探討公司積極避稅指標是否於法規實施後更加擴大,結果顯示公司並未因法規實施改變總盈餘管理(TOTALEM)及受控境外盈餘(FRE)之操作;關係人交易(RPT)因法規有效限制其避稅效果,顯著減少公司操作意願;股利支付率(DPR)則顯示公司已開始受到股利支付稅盾效果增加支付股利之意願。
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Controlled Foreign Company (CFC) legislation, this study employs the effective tax rate (ETR) as a key indicator and constructs a regression model to verify that ETR significantly increased following the implementation of the legislation.
Furthermore, this study investigates whether firms can still maintain tax avoidance outcomes after the legislation, using aggressive tax avoidance indicators. The regression analysis reveals that, prior to the implementation of the CFC legislation, total earnings management (TOTALEM), foreign retained earnings (FRE), and related-party transactions (RPT) were all significantly negatively associated with ETR. However, after the implementation of the legislation, these relationships became statistically insignificant. Besides, this study also examines the relationship between dividend payout ratio (DPR) and ETR following the implementation of the legislation. The results show that prior to the legislation, DPR exhibited no significant relationship with ETR. However, after the legislation took effect, a significant negative relationship emerged, highlighting the tax shield effect associated with dividend payouts.
Finally, this study also investigates whether firms intensified their aggressive tax avoidance indicators after the implementation of the legislation. The results indicate that firms did not alter their TOTALEM or FRE practices in response to the legislation. RPT significantly decreased due to the legislation effectively limiting their tax avoidance benefits. Meanwhile, the DPR suggests that firms have begun to respond to the tax shield effect of dividend distributions, increasing their willingness to pay dividends.
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