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研究生: 張家銘
Chang, Chia-Ming
論文名稱: 壓電式無閥微泵仿生導流系統設計與效能提升研究
Efficiency Improvement on Bionic Chamber-Flow Feedback Inhibition System Design for Piezoelectric Valveless Micropumps
指導教授: 賴新一
Lai, Hsin-Yi
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 227
中文關鍵詞: 單/雙腔無閥微泵浦數值方法壓電致動器導流結構
外文關鍵詞: Single/double cavity valveless micropump, Numerical method, Piezoelectric actuator, Diversion structure
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  • 本篇研究利用數值模擬分析來探討類似人體心臟瓣膜導流結構對單/雙腔微泵於不同操作及幾何條件下的效能變化。其操作條件包含不同驅動頻率設定及驅動相位角的變化;而幾何上則進行了導流結構的配置,包括該結構於腔室內的位置、厚度及角度對各腔體的影響。
    為了提升對後續研究之可靠性,本研究首先選用了Wang [24]及Olsson [12]團隊之單/雙腔壓電式無閥微泵模型來進行驗證,結果顯示兩者模擬對於文獻之流量及背壓結果相近。證明本文所提理論與數值模擬方法之正確可行後,並依此分別探討單/雙腔無/有導流及魟形外型等因素對流場之流量、背壓、共振頻與整體效率提升等四大功能的影響。
    本文除了對雙腔模型進行不同驅動相位角於各頻率下對流量與背壓之影響,其結果顯示相位角為180∘時具有最佳流量及背壓表現,並且與相位角0∘相比,提升流量約2倍與背壓2.23倍。接著根據流場動態變化,以增加整體性能為目標,引入類似心臟瓣膜結構,結果顯示該結構使單腔模型整體效率提升至約為60.4%;而雙腔模型整體效率效率則提升約29.7%。在導流結構的配置方面,探討該結構於腔室內的位置、厚度及角度,結果顯示兩系統恰好於該結構距離腔室入口處6.5mm、厚度0.1mm以及角度為20∘時有最佳表現,並且單腔導流模型優化後相對於優化前使效率又提升約13.2%;而雙腔導流模型優化後相對於優化前則使效率又提升約16.5%。最終在將優化後之單/雙腔導流模型之腔體結合魟形外型以進行更進一步的延伸優化,研究結果顯示,優化後之單腔導流模型在結合魟型腔體後可使傳統圓柱型腔體之效率再提升約11.4%;而優化後之雙腔導流模型在結合魟型腔體後則較傳統圓柱型腔體之效率再提升約8.7%。

    This study uses the derivative numerical simulation analysis to explore the characteristics of the detailed valve structure of the human body for use in single/double chamber micropumps under different operations and geometric conditions. ; And geometrically, the configuration of the diversion structure is carried out, including the influence of the position, thickness and angle of the structure in the chamber on each cavity.
    In order to improve the reliability of the follow-up research, this research first selected the single/double-chamber piezoelectric valveless micropump model of Wang [24] and Olsson [12] team for verification. The results showed that the two simulated the flow rate of literature. The results are satisfactorily agreed with each other. These verifications indicated that the analytical and numerical models presented in this thesis are rigorously valid, and can be used to design and analyze some new models including double chamber systems with flow backward inhibition inlet structures and geometric chamber shape of stingrays in terms of four flow characters including flow rate, back pressure, resonant frequency and overace system efficiency.
    The double-cavity model is driven with different phase angles to affect the flow and back pressure at each frequency. The results show that the phase angle is 180° with the best flow and back pressure. Compared with the phase angle of 0°, the flow rate is about 2 times and the back pressure is 2.23 times. Then, according to the dynamic changes of the flow field, with the goal of increasing the overall performance, a similar heart valve structure was introduced. The results showed that the structure increased the overall efficiency of the single-chamber model by about 60.4%; while the overall efficiency of the double-chamber model was increased by about 29.7%. In terms of the configuration of the diversion structure, the position, thickness and angle of the structure in the chamber are discussed. The results show that the two systems have the best performance when the structure is 6.5mm from the entrance of the chamber, the thickness is 0.1mm, and the angle is 20° And the optimization of the single-cavity diversion model increases the efficiency by about 13.2% compared with that before the optimization; and the optimization of the double-cavity diversion model increases the efficiency by about 16.5% compared with that before the optimization. Finally, the optimized single/dual-cavity diversion model cavity was combined with the stingray shape for further extension optimization. The research results show that the optimized single-cavity diversion model can be combined with the stingray cavity. The efficiency of the non-stingray cavity is increased by about 11.4%; and the optimized dual-cavity diversion model combined with the stingray cavity can increase the efficiency of the non-stingray cavity by about 8.7%.

    摘要 I Extend Abstract III 致謝 XII 目錄 XIII 表目錄 XIX 圖目錄 XXV 符號表 XXXII 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 研究目的 5 1.3 章節導覽 7 第二章 文獻回顧 8 2.1 微流道與微泵設計之文獻回顧 8 2.2 微泵串/並聯結構之文獻回顧 10 2.3 壓電致動器材料功能與幾何設計之文獻回顧 12 2.4 導流結構與系統分析之文獻回顧 13 2.5 基本假設與邊界條件設定 15 2.5.1 本研究之基本假設 15 2.5.2 本研究之邊界條件設定 16 第三章 微泵仿生導流系統之流固理論與數值模擬 17 3.1 本研究之完整系統架構流程 17 3.2 單/雙腔無/有導流微泵之設計及材質選用 20 3.2.1 單腔無/有導流微泵與導流魟型微泵之幾何尺寸設計步驟 20 3.2.1(a) 單腔無導流微泵之幾何設計 21 3.2.1(b) 單腔有導流微泵之幾何設計 22 3.2.1(c) 單腔魟型微泵之幾何設計 24 3.2.1(d) 單腔導流魟型微泵之幾何設計 25 3.2.2 雙腔無/有導流微泵與導流魟型微泵之幾何尺寸設計步驟 26 3.2.2(a) 雙腔無導流微泵之幾何設計 26 3.2.2(b) 雙腔有導流微泵之幾何設計 28 3.2.2(c) 雙腔魟型微泵之幾何設計 30 3.2.2(d) 雙腔導流魟型微泵之幾何設計 32 3.2.3 導流結構材質選用 33 3.3 微泵之流/固耦合系統理論模型統御方程 35 3.3.1 固體域統御方程 35 3.3.2 流體域統御方程 37 3.3.3 微泵系統與流電固耦合壓電致動模型 38 3.3.3(a) 無閥微泵壓電致動器之流電固模型 38 3.3.3(b) 微泵之完整模型及離散表達 39 3.3.3(b-1) 彈性薄膜之數位化表達 40 3.3.3(b-2) 微泵腔體之數位化表達 44 3.3.3(c) 單/雙腔導流微泵與魟型微泵之理論模型計算 47 3.4 微泵流固耦合系統之有限元素與數值建模 47 3.4.1 固體域模型之有限元表達 47 3.4.1(a) 單/雙腔微泵之固體域網格劃分 50 3.4.1(b) 單/雙腔導流微泵之固體域網格劃分 51 3.4.2 流體域模型之有限元表達 53 3.4.2(a) 單腔無導流微泵之流體域網格劃分 54 3.4.2(b) 單腔有導流微泵之流體域網格劃分 55 3.4.2(c) 單腔魟型微泵之流體域網格劃分 56 3.4.2(d) 單腔導流魟型微泵之流體域網格劃分 57 3.4.2(e) 雙腔無導流微泵之流體域網格劃分 59 3.4.2(f) 雙腔有導流微泵之流體域網格劃分 60 3.4.2(g) 雙腔魟型微泵之流體域網格劃分 61 3.4.2(h) 雙腔導流魟型微泵之流體域網格劃分 63 3.4.3 流固耦合系統與流電固壓電系統之有限元分析流程 65 3.5 單/雙腔微泵系統之效能分析 67 3.5.1 微泵流量計算 67 3.5.2 微泵背壓計算 68 3.5.3 微泵系統效率計算 68 第四章 仿生無閥微泵性能參數模擬與數值分析結果 70 4.1 數值模擬驗證例-單腔微泵之流電固耦合系統 70 4.1.1 單腔微泵模型之分析結果與文獻實作結果比較 73 4.2 數值模擬驗證例-雙腔微泵之流電固耦合系統 76 4.2.1 雙腔微泵模型之分析結果與文獻實作結果比較 79 4.2.2 雙腔各相位角之驅動頻率及背壓與流量比較 84 4.2.2(a) 各相位角對流量影響之結果 84 4.2.2(b) 相位角對背壓影響之結果 86 4.3 仿生導流系統對單腔無閥微泵整體效能改善之分析 89 4.3.1 單腔仿生導流系統之無閥微泵介紹及設計條件 90 4.3.2 時程調序對單腔導流微泵性能之影響 92 4.3.3 單腔無/有導流器之定性分析 94 4.3.4 單腔無/有導流器之定量分析 102 4.3.4(a) 導流器位置”L”對微泵之影響 104 4.3.4(b) 導流器厚度”t”對微泵之影響 107 4.3.4(c) 導流器平板夾角”θ”對微泵之影響 110 4.3.5 單腔綜合參數之特性比對 113 4.3.6 單腔微泵導流結構流場三大關鍵參數之效能優化提升 114 4.4 仿生導流系統對雙腔無閥微泵整體效能改善之分析 119 4.4.1 雙腔仿生導流系統之無閥微泵介紹及設計條件 120 4.4.2 時程調序對雙腔導流微泵性能之影響 122 4.4.3 雙腔無/有導流器之定性分析 124 4.4.4 雙腔無/有導流器之定量分析 132 4.4.4(a) 導流器位置”L”對微泵之影響 134 4.4.4(b) 導流器厚度”t”對微泵之影響 136 4.4.4(c) 導流器平板夾角”θ”對微泵之影響 138 4.4.5 雙腔綜合參數之特性比對 140 4.4.6 雙腔微泵導流結構流場三大關鍵參數之效能優化提升 141 4.5 魟型腔體對單腔微泵整體效能改善分析 152 4.5.1 單腔魟型微泵之幾何設計對整體系統性能分析 152 4.5.2 單腔具導流微泵之無/有魟型結構設計對整體系統性能比較 155 4.6 魟型腔體對雙腔微泵整體效能改善分析 160 4.6.1 雙腔魟型微泵之幾何設計對整體系統性能分析 160 4.6.2 雙腔具導流微泵之無/有魟型結構設計對整體系統性能比較 163 4.7 魟型腔體對單腔導流系統之微泵整體效能改善分析 172 4.7.1 單腔魟型導流微泵之幾何設計對整體系統性能分析 172 4.7.2 單腔導流微泵無/有搭配魟型結構設計對整體系統性能比較 175 4.8 魟型腔體對雙腔導流系統之微泵整體效能改善分析 181 4.8.1 雙腔魟型導流微泵之幾何設計對整體系統性能分析 181 4.8.2 雙腔導流微泵無/有搭配魟型結構設計對整體系統性能比較 184 4.9 單/雙腔之無/有導流系統與搭配魟型腔體之功能比對 193 4.9.1 單腔微泵與雙腔微泵之功能比對 193 4.9.2 無導流微泵與有導流微泵之功能比對 197 4.9.3 傳統微泵與魟型微泵之功能比對 201 4.9.4 單腔之無/有導流系統與搭配魟型腔體之整體性能分析總結 205 4.9.5 雙腔之無/有導流系統與搭配魟型腔體之整體性能分析總結 211 第五章 結論與未來展望 218 5.1 結論 218 5.2 未來展望 223 參考文獻 225

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