隨著穿戴式裝置與物聯網技術的快速發展，對具備機械柔性與電性穩定性的電子元件需求日益提升。其中，場效應電晶體因其具備低溫製程、大面積製備與結構可調性等優勢，成為發展軟性電子領域中的關鍵元件之一。為實現本質可拉伸的半導體材料，開發兼具優異電性與機械性的共軛高分子結構已成為研究重點。本研究致力於設計與開發n型共軛多嵌段高分子與n型共軛三向支化型多嵌段共聚物，兩者皆由剛性共軛主鏈聚[1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸二酰亞胺-交替-5,5′-雙噻吩](PNDI2T)與柔性非共軛鏈段聚異丁烯(PIB)所組成，並依據PIB含量命名為：NDI（PIB 0 wt%）、mAB73（PIB 27 wt%）、mAB60（PIB 40 wt%），以及支化型的tAB89（PIB 11 wt%）與tAB66（PIB 34 wt%）。其中，(i)共軛多嵌段高分子應用於本質可拉伸有機場效應電晶體，並結合微裂金電極技術製備整合式可拉伸元件；而(ii)三向支化型多嵌段高分子則進一步應用於單臂奈米碳管（SWCNT）之選擇性分離與可拉伸場效應電晶體之製作。(i)柔性鏈段的導入對高分子薄膜的表面形貌、結晶性以及在應變條件下的電性表現均產生顯著影響。實驗結果顯示，柔性鏈段能有效提升材料延展性，使其在100%應變下無裂痕產生，主要歸因於其低彈性模數（約40–50 MPa）。在元件表現方面，mAB73在100%應變下仍維持穩定的電子遷移率，顯著優於mAB60，反映其在結構穩定性與應變耐受性上的優勢。mAB60因柔性鏈段比例過高，導致高分子鏈排列無序，影響其電荷傳輸能力。進一步將共軛多嵌段高分子與微裂金電極技術結合，成功製備出具整合性與本質拉伸性的高性能半導體元件。研究過程中，探討影響元件「遷移率–拉伸性」關聯的關鍵因素，包括接觸電阻、通道電阻與電極電阻。結果指出，共軛多嵌段高分子通道與電極間的接觸電阻對元件性能具顯著影響，尤其是mAB73能透過奈米金粒子滲入橡膠狀通道表面，形成良好電極接觸，展現高穩定性與操作可逆性。適量柔性鏈段的引入，不僅改善高分子的機械性能，更有效提升元件在拉伸狀態下的遷移率保持性。此外，(ii)本研究亦以共軛三向支化型多嵌段高分子tAB系列成功實現單臂奈米碳管的選擇性分離。經由紫外–可見光吸收光譜分析，證實該高分子能有效選擇性分離半導體型單臂奈米碳管，並具備高產率與高純度，其中以tAB89表現最佳。拉曼光譜進一步驗證金屬型碳管的去除效率，且選出的碳管平均管徑約為1.44 nm，證明此類高分子在分選應用上的優越性能。在場效應電晶體元件中，選擇性分離的半導體型碳管展現優異電荷遷移率，雖隨拉伸程度增加略有下降，但仍維持在0.8–3.0 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹之間，顯示其作為可拉伸半導體材料的高度潛力。本研究提出具可設計性之n型共軛多嵌段高分子策略，成功實現同時具備高機械延展性、高遷移率穩定性與操作可逆性的高分子系統。藉由此策略進行之單臂奈米碳管分選亦展現出高純度與高產率，顯示該嵌段高分子材料在本質可拉伸有機半導體與穿戴式電子元件應用上的高度潛能，為未來高性能與高延展性材料設計提供重要參考依據。

With the rapid advancement of wearable technologies and the Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for electronic devices that offer both mechanical flexibility and electrical stability is steadily increasing. Among them, field-effect transistors (FETs) have emerged as key components in the development of flexible electronics due to their advantages such as low-temperature processing, large-area fabrication, and structural tunability. To realize intrinsically stretchable semiconducting materials, the design and development of conjugated polymers that possess both excellent electrical and mechanical properties has become a major research focus. This study is dedicated to the design and development of n-type conjugated multi-block copolymers and n-type conjugated tri-branched multiblock copolymers, both composed of a rigid conjugated backbone, poly[naphthalene diimide-alt-bithiophene] (PNDI2T), and flexible, non-conjugated polyisobutylene (PIB) segments. The polymers are named based on their PIB content: NDI (0 wt% PIB), mAB73 (27 wt% PIB), mAB60 (40 wt% PIB), and the branched types tAB89 (11 wt% PIB) and tAB66 (34 wt% PIB). (i)The conjugated multi-block copolymers were applied to intrinsically stretchable OFETs and integrated with microcracked gold electrodes, while (ii)the tri-branched multiblock copolymers were further utilized for selective sorting of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) and for fabricating stretchable FET devices. (i)The incorporation of flexible segments significantly affected the surface morphology, crystallinity, and strain-dependent electrical performance of the polymer thin films. Experimental results revealed that flexible segments improved the ductility of the materials, enabling them to withstand up to 100% strain without cracking, primarily due to their low elastic modulus (~40–50 MPa). In terms of device performance, mAB73 maintained stable electron mobility even at 100% strain, significantly outperforming mAB60, reflecting its superior structural stability and strain resistance. The reduced performance of mAB60 was attributed to excessive flexible content, which disrupted chain packing and impaired charge transport. By integrating the conjugated multi-block copolymer with microcracked gold electrodes, a high-performance device with both intrinsic stretchability and functional integration was successfully fabricated. The study also explored key factors affecting the mobility–stretchability relationship, including contact resistance, channel resistance, and electrode resistance. Results showed that contact resistance at the polymer–electrode interface significantly influenced device performance. In particular, mAB73 demonstrated enhanced stability and operational reversibility due to the infiltration of gold nanoparticles into the rubbery channel surface, resulting in improved electrode contact. The introduction of an appropriate amount of flexible segments not only enhanced the mechanical robustness of the polymer but also improved mobility retention under strain. In addition, (ii)this work successfully demonstrated the use of tri-branched conjugated multiblock copolymers for the selective sorting of s-SWCNTs. UV–vis spectroscopy confirmed their ability to selectively enrich semiconducting SWCNTs with both high yield and high purity, with tAB89 showing the best performance. Raman spectroscopy further validated the effective removal of metallic nanotubes, and the average diameter of the sorted tubes was estimated to be approximately 1.44 nm. When integrated into FET devices, the sorted s-SWCNTs exhibited excellent charge carrier mobility. Although mobility slightly decreased with increasing strain, it remained within 0.8~3.0 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, demonstrating strong potential for use as a stretchable semiconducting material. In conclusion, this study proposes a tailored strategy for designing n-type conjugated multi-block copolymers, successfully achieving a polymer system that combines high mechanical stretchability, mobility stability, and operational reversibility. The use of these polymers for high-yield and high-purity s-SWCNT sorting further demonstrates their applicability in intrinsically stretchable organic semiconductors and wearable electronics, providing a valuable reference for the future development of high-performance and highly stretchable materials.

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