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研究生：	原田成俊 Tien, Cheng-Chun Yuan
論文名稱：	多軸向鉛心橡膠支承運用於科技廠房之研究 Application of Biaxial Lead Rubber Bearings in High-tech Factories
指導教授：	朱聖浩 Ju, Shen-Haw
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2019
畢業學年度：	107
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	81
中文關鍵詞：	高科技廠房、鉛心橡膠支承、雙軸向行為、扭轉耦合效應、微震
外文關鍵詞：	high-tech factories, lead rubber bearing, biaxial behavior, torsional coupling effect, micro-vibration
相關次數：	點閱：139 下載：5
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鉛心橡膠支承(LRB)有提高結構物自然週期避開地震最大反應、無須改變上部結構、日後維護等優點。特別適合短週期、內部儀器與產品額貴的高科技廠房。目前科技廠房無法推廣使用LRB的原因，在於不了解安裝LRB後是否會放大其微振反應。因此本研究利用已建立實際尺寸之高科技廠房數值模型，並新建立二維LRB有限元素數值模型，考量到目前耐震規範仍然以單軸向行為做為設計考量並未考量到雙軸向所造成扭轉耦合效應。
本篇論文將探討不同地震加載反應、微振反應和不同LRB參數影響，得到隔震效果非常好，可減少約百分之七十到百分之八十的地震力;微振方面，LRB不受內部移動式起重機造成微振動影響，但是風力加載時，一樓RC層明顯的微振放大反應，仍需要探討如何減少風力造成影響，其分析程式與研究成果皆為公開資源，方便日後顧問公司做隔震設計之參考。

The lead rubber bearing (LRB) has the advantages of increasing the natural period of the structure, avoiding the maximum response of the earthquake and eliminating the need to change the superstructure and facilitating maintenance. It is especially suitable for high-tech factories with a short period and expensive internal instrument products. High-tech factories are unable to promote the use of LRB because one does not know whether it will amplify micro-vibration after installing LRBs. Therefore, this study makes use of the numerical model of high-tech factories that has established the actual size and newly establishes the two-way LRB finite element numerical model. Because current seismic specifications still take uniaxial behavior as a design consideration, and it does not consider the biaxial torsional coupling effect.
This paper will explore the effects of different seismic loading reactions, micro-vibration reactions, different LRB parameters, and the isolation effect is very well which can reduce the seismic force by about 70% to 80%. LRBs are not affected by internal mobile cranes in terms of micro-vibration, but the apparent nuisance amplification reaction of the RC layer on the first floor during wind loading still needs to explore how to reduce the impact of wind. The analysis program and research results are all open resources it will facilitate future reference for the isolation design of consultants.

Contents
摘要	I
Abstract	II
Acknowledgement	III
Chapter 1 Introduction	1
1-1 Background and research purposes	1
1-2 Literature Review	2
1-3 Overview	6
Chapter 2 Problems and research methods	7
2-1 LRB single degree of freedom formula	7
2-2 LRB two degrees of freedom formula	8
2-2-1 Formula Introduction	8
2-2-2 Newton method, difference method for solving first-order nonlinear ODE	9
2-2-3 LRB stiffness calculation	11
2-3 program operation and operation process introduction	12
2-4 Comparison of numerical simulation and experimental data	16
2-5 Process and check of the design of the isolation	20
2-5-1 isolation design	20
2-5-2 LRBs check	24
2-5-3 Isolation select	26
Chapter 3 High-tech factories numerical simulation	29
3-1 factories introduction	29
3-2 Earthquake simulation	32
3-2-1 Artificial Earthquake Production	32
3-2-2 Earthquake simulation	38
3-3 Micro-vibration simulation	44
3-3-1 Mobile crane introduction	44
3-3-2 Decibel(dB) formula	45
3-3-3 Numerical simulation of micro-vibration	46
3-4 Explore the LRB parameters Fy, α	47
3-5 Wind load simulation	51
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion	57
4-1 Earthquake Impact Discussion	57
4-2 Discussion on the influence of micro-vibration	62
4-3 Parameter Impact Discussion	64
4-3-1 Total base shear Discussion	64
4-3-2 hysteresis loop Discussion	68
4-4 Wind Impact Discussion	72
Chapter 5 Conclusions	75
5-1 Conclusions	75
5-2 Future works	76
References	78

List of Tables
Table 2-4-1 LRB parameter data	16
Table 2-5-1 Xinying district coefficient	21
Table 2-5-2 LRB parameter data	27
Table 2-5-3 Calculation parameter data	27
Table 3-1-1 Related information	29
Table 3-2-1 Same T0 case	32
Table 3-2-2 Same PGA case	33
Table 3-2-3 Artificial earthquake input date	34
Table 3-4-1 Fy adjustment	47
Table 3-4-2 α adjustment	47
Table 3-5-1 Wind speed setting	51

List of Figures
Figure 2-3-1 Flow chart of the program operation sequence	12
Figure 2-3-2 Program operation flow chart	13
Figure 2-3-3 o.bat content presentation	14
Figure 2-3-4 oinp1 input file	15
Figure 2-3-5 inp1 input file	15
Figure 2-4-1 A016 date	16
Figure 2-4-2 C012 date	17
Figure 2-4-3 D059 date	17
Figure 2-4-4 E023 date	17
Figure 2-4-5 Comparison of A016 numbered support experimental results and numerical results	18
Figure 2-4-6 Comparison of C012 numbered support experimental results and numerical results	18
Figure 2-4-7 Comparison of D059 numbered support experimental results and numerical results	19
Figure 2-4-8 Comparison of E023 numbered support experimental results and numerical results	19
Figure 2-5-1 LRB design flow	23
Figure 2-5-2 LRB Catalog Number 2	26
Figure 2-5-3 LRB Catalog Number 4	26
Figure 2-5-4 inp1 file setting	27
Figure 2-5-5 LRB bottom section configuration diagram	28
Figure 2-5-6 Configuration diagram of large column and small column of	28
high-tech factories	28
Figure 3-1-1 High-tech factories X-direction section	30
Figure 3-1-2 High-tech factories Y-direction section	31
Figure 3-1-3 Top surface of high-tech factories	31
Figure 3-1-4 3D diagram of high-tech factories	31
Figure 3-2-1 autor1.exe execution screen	35
Figure 3-2-2 batch file content	35
Figure 3-2-3 batch file content	36
Figure 3-2-4 batch file content	36
Figure 3-2-5 Case1 x direction (PGA=0.25g, T0=0.6s)	37
Figure 3-2-6 Case1 y direction (PGA=0.25g, T0=0.6s)	37
Figure 3-2-7 Case1 z direction (PGA=0.25g, T0=0.6s)	37
Figure 3-2-8 oinp file modification earthquake case	38
Figure 3-2-9 Comparison of Case1 to Case4 base shear	39
Figure 3-2-10 Comparison of Case5 to Case8 base shear	40
Figure 3-2-11 Comparison of Case9 to Case12 base shear	41
Figure 3-2-12 Comparison of Case14 base shear	42
Figure 3-2-13 Comparison of Case1 to Case6 hysteresis loop	42
Figure 3-2-14 Comparison of Case7 to Case13 hysteresis loop	43
Figure 3-3-1 Location of the crane	44
Figure 3-3-2 Crane icon	44
Figure 3-3-3 Micro-vibration Case1 simulation	46
Figure 3-3-4 Micro-vibration Case2 simulation	46
Figure 3-4-1 Comparison of Case0 and Case1 to Case4 base shear	48
Figure 3-4-2 Comparison of Case0 and Case5 to Case8 base shear	49
Figure 3-4-3 Comparison of Case0 and Case1 hysteresis loop	49
Figure 3-4-4 Comparison of Case2 to Case4 hysteresis loop	50
Figure 3-4-5 Comparison of Case0 and Case5 to Case8 hysteresis loop	50
Figure 3-5-1 Various wind field simulations	51
Figure 3-5-2 Comparison of wind case1(V=5m/s) in RC layer	52
Figure 3-5-3 Comparison of wind case1(V=5m/s) in 2F	52
Figure 3-5-4 Comparison of wind case1(V=5m/s) in 3F	52
Figure 3-5-5 Comparison of wind case2(V=10m/s) in RC layer	53
Figure 3-5-6 Comparison of wind case2(V=10m/s) in 2F	53
Figure 3-5-7 Comparison of wind case2(V=10m/s) in 3F	53
Figure 3-5-8 Comparison of wind case3(V=15m/s) in RC layer	54
Figure 3-5-9 Comparison of wind case3(V=15m/s) in 2F	54
Figure 3-5-10 Comparison of wind case3(V=15m/s) in 3F	54
Figure 3-5-11 Comparison of wind case4(V=20m/s) in RC layer	55
Figure 3-5-12 Comparison of wind case4(V=20m/s) in 2F	55
Figure 3-5-13 Comparison of wind case4(V=20m/s) in 3F	55
Figure 3-5-14 Comparison of wind case5(V=25m/s) in RC layer	56
Figure 3-5-15 Comparison of wind case5(V=25m/s) in 2F	56
Figure 3-5-16 Comparison of wind case5(V=25m/s) in 3F	56
Figure 4-1-1 Comparison of PGA case total base shear in X direction (T0=0.6 s)	58
Figure 4-1-2 Comparison of PGA case total base shear in Y direction (T0=0.6 s)	58
Figure 4-1-3 Comparison of T0 case total base shear in X direction	58
(PGA=0.32 g)	58
Figure 4-1-4 Comparison of T0 case total base shear in Y direction	59
(PGA=0.32 g)	59
Figure 4-1-5 Comparison of PGA case reduce total base shear ratio (T0=0.6 s)	59
Figure 4-1-6 Comparison of T0 case reduce total base shear ratio	59
(PGA=0.32 g)	59
Figure 4-1-7 Comparison of PGA case displacement in X direction (T0=0.6 s)	60
Figure 4-1-8 Comparison of PGA case displacement in Y direction (T0=0.6 s)	60
Figure 4-1-9 Comparison of T0 case displacement in X direction	60
(PGA=0.32 g)	60
Figure 4-1-10 Comparison of T0 case displacement in Y direction	61
(PGA=0.32 g)	61
Figure 4-2-1 Discussion of the vibration in the X direction	62
Figure 4-2-2 Discussion of the vibration in the Y direction	63
Figure 4-2-3 Discussion of the vibration in the Z direction	63
Figure 4-3-2 Different Fy discussion in the Y direction	65
Figure 4-3-3 Maximum Total base shear and Fy relationship	65
Figure 4-3-4 Maximum square sum root number of total base shear and Fy	65
Figure 4-3-5 Different α discussion in the X direction	66
Figure 4-3-6 Different α discussion in the Y direction	67
Figure 4-3-7 Maximum total base shear and α relationship	67
Figure 4-3-8 Maximum square sum root number of total base shear and Fy	67
Figure 4-3-9 Different Fy discussed in the hysteresis loop in the X direction	68
Figure 4-3-10 Different Fy discussed in the hysteresis loop in the Y direction	69
Figure 4-3-11 Maximum LRB Displacement and Fy relationship	69
Figure 4-3-12 Maximum square sum root number of displacement and Fy	69
Figure 4-3-13 Different α is discussed in the hysteresis loop in the X direction	70
Figure 4-3-14 Different α is discussed in the hysteresis loop in the Y direction	71
Figure 4-3-15 Maximum LRB displacement and α relationship	71
Figure 4-3-16 Maximum square sum root number of displacement and α	71
Figure 4-4-1 Maximum dB compare in RC layer	73
Figure 4-4-2 Maximum dB compare in 2F	73
Figure 4-4-3 Maximum dB compare in 3F	74
Figure 4-4-4 Factory resistance to wind measures	74
                                    

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