調諧液體晃盪阻尼器（Tuned Liquid Sloshing Damper, TLSD）係利用液體晃盪所產生之慣性力與能量耗散，降低結構受外力作用下之動態反應。本文探討TLSD應用於滾軸單擺系統（Rolling Pendulum System, RPS）與多自由度結構之硬體迴路模擬可行性。研究內容包含吊掛單擺平台之動態特性驗證、RPS摩擦模型識別、RPS與TLSD之數位式硬體迴路模擬，以及五層樓多自由度結構結合TLSD之控制效果分析。首先，透過自由震盪試驗確認吊掛平台之平移與扭轉動態特性，作為後續TLSD晃動反應觀察與晃動力量測之基礎。其次，針對RPS摩擦行為，將前人分段式庫倫摩擦模型改以速度相依方式作為即時判斷依據，並採用康氏摩擦模型描述摩擦係數隨速度變化之特性，以建立較適合硬體迴路模擬與即時複合實驗之數值模型。接著，建立RPS與TLSD之數位式硬體迴路模擬架構，透過主結構與次結構分離運算、訊號傳輸與力回授機制，作為後續正式即時複合實驗規劃之基礎。最後，將TLSD應用於五層樓多自由度結構，探討不同地震輸入、水高與擋板位置對控制效果之影響。分析結果顯示，康氏摩擦模型可連續描述RPS摩擦係數隨速度變化之特性，多地震共同識別所得參數較適合未知地震輸入之反應分析，單一地震識別則較適合特定試驗結果之比對。在多自由度結構分析結果顯示，TLSD對第一模態主導之長週期結構具有一定減振效果，其中以頂樓位移反應降低較為明顯；此外，TLSD之減振效能雖以頻率調諧為最主要之物理基礎，但其最終之控制效果仍會受到地震頻率組成、水深、擋板配置及實際液體晃動狀態等因素之綜合影響。

A Tuned Liquid Sloshing Damper (TLSD) reduces structural dynamic responses through the inertial force and energy dissipation generated by liquid sloshing. This study investigates the feasibility of applying a TLSD to a Rolling Pendulum System (RPS) and a multi-degree-of-freedom structure through hardware-in-the-loop simulation. The research includes dynamic verification of a suspended pendulum platform, RPS friction model identification, digital hardware-in-the-loop simulation of the RPS coupled with the TLSD, and control performance analysis of a five-story structure equipped with the TLSD. Free-vibration tests verified the suspended platform's dynamic characteristics, providing a basis for TLSD sloshing observation and force measurement. For the RPS friction behavior, the previous piecewise Coulomb friction model was modified using a velocity-dependent criterion for real-time judgment, and the Constantinou friction model was adopted to describe the velocity-dependent friction coefficient. A digital hardware-in-the-loop simulation framework was then established by separating the primary structure and substructure computations with signal transmission and force feedback. Finally, the TLSD was applied to a five-story structure to examine the effects of earthquake input, water depth, and slat screen position on control performance. The results show that the Constantinou friction model can continuously describe the RPS friction behavior. Parameters identified from multiple earthquake records are more suitable for unknown earthquake inputs, whereas single-record parameters are more appropriate for specific test comparisons. The multi-degree-of-freedom analysis indicates that the TLSD provides vibration reduction for first-mode-dominated long-period structures, especially in reducing rooftop displacement. Furthermore, while frequency tuning remains the primary basis for vibration reduction, the optimal control performance is comprehensively affected by earthquake frequency content, water depth, slat screen position, and actual liquid sloshing states.

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