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研究生： 錢雲聖
Chian, Yun-Sheng
論文名稱： 製備矽醇改質之奈米氧化鐵粒子及其對抗癌藥物 capsaicin 攜帶釋放效率之探討
Preparation of silane modified nanomagnetite and the investigation on the loading and release of capsaicin
指導教授： 許梅娟
Syu, Mei-Jywan
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2011
畢業學年度： 99
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 78
中文關鍵詞： 磁性奈米粒子 、乳糖酸 、原紫質 、熱治療 、藥物釋放
外文關鍵詞： magnetic nanoparticle, lectobionic acid, protoporphyrin, drug release
相關次數： 點閱：91  下載：0 
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    • 磁性奈米材料於生醫領域的研究已相當廣泛，其獨特的超順磁特性及低生物毒性為主要應用重點，可同時作為磁性導引之藥物載體及熱治療粒子，連結上標靶分子後，可針對性的對病灶釋放藥物及提供熱治療。以有機熱解法製作磁性奈米粒子可達到以往共沉澱法不易產出的單一分散性磁性奈米粒子，有助於將奈米粒子尺寸進一步縮小並均勻化。
    本研究是以有機相熱解法製備奈米磁性粒子，並使用 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES) 以配位交換法改質成為親水相，探討奈米磁球的熱效應，並於表面先後接上乳糖酸及原紫質，乳糖酸針對肝癌細胞具有標靶作用，原紫質同時具有光治療、螢光標定及藥物抓取的功能。以X光繞射儀證實奈米磁性粒子為Fe3O4之晶相；而利用傅立葉轉換紅外線儀與熱重分析儀確認改質後矽醇的包覆及乳糖酸的鍵結；使用紫外-可見光圖譜確認原紫質存在於粒子表面的光學特性。並以TEM影像判斷矽醇配位交換反應的細節對於奈米粒子尺寸的影響，確認形成殼層狀Fe3O4@silane 之最佳反應條件。由磁性分析之磁滯曲線得知，Fe3O4、Fe3O4@silane的飽和磁化量分別為 36 emu/g與3.8 emu/g。最終利用雙重修飾乳糖酸及原紫質的奈米磁性粒子Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA對新興抗癌藥物capsaicin作包覆及釋放的探討。
    有機相磁性奈米粒子在施加高頻磁場下，於10分鐘內可達75℃，而經由矽醇改質為水相的磁性奈米粒子於10分鐘內可達 43℃，50分鐘內可達46℃，其熱效應明顯下降，但仍足以進行對癌細胞之熱治療。

    The study on magnetic nanoparticles has already been widely developed in biological and medical fileds. The special properties on application of magnetic nanoparticles were the superparamagnetism and low cytotoxicity. The nanoparticles could act as a drug carrier guided by magnetic force and the medium of hyperthermia. By coupling with the active targeting ligand, theses nanoparticles can be formulated as multi-functional carrier with high affinity to specific molecular or cancer cell. Magnetic nanoparticles produced by high-temperature decomposition have narrow size-distribution which is difficult to achieve by traditional co-precipitation method. Such magnetic nanoparticles can be further minimize in size and avoid aggregation.
    In this study, the magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by high-temperature decomposition. To make the as-synthesis magnetic nanoparticles hydrophilic, 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES) was modified on the surface of nanoparticles. And the thermal effect of the magnetic nanoparticles was investigated before and after silane ligand exchange reaction. We also conjugated lactobionic acid and protoporphyrin to Fe3O4@silane surface. Lactobionic acid was a targeting molecular to the hepatocyte cancer cell and protoporphyrin was known for the photodynamic therapy, fluoresce detection and a good host for the inclusion of guest molecular. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the structure of magnetic nanoparticles is Fe3O4. The modification of silane was confirmed by infrared diagram and thermogravimetric analyzer. And we observed the four specific peaks related to protoporpyrin on the ultraviolet-visible diagram of protoporphyrin coupled nanoparticles. By the electron microscopy pictures, we can identify and optimize the condition of ligand exchange reaction. The magnetic analyzer indicated that the saturation magnetization of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@silane were 36 emu/g and 3.8 emu/g. Finally we investigate the loading and release profile of the neo anti-cancer drug capsaicin. Under the applied magnetic field, the temperature of Fe3O4 nanoparticle could increase up to 75℃ in 10 min, and the temperature of Fe3O4@silane could increase up to 43℃ in 10 min. There was a remarkable decrease after ligand exchange, but they still have sufficient potential on hyperthermia treatment.

    中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………I Abstract…………………………………………………………………………II 目錄………………………………………………………………………………III 表目錄…………………………………………………………………………V 圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………VI 第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………………1 1-1 磁性奈米材料介紹……………………………………………………………1 1-1-1 奈米材料特性…………………………………………………………1 1-1-2 磁性奈米材料簡介………………………………………………………2 1-1-3 磁性奈米材料於生醫領域之應用………………………………………3 1-2 磁性奈米粒子製備之簡介……………………………………………………6 1-2-1 共沉澱法…………………………………………………………………6 1-2-2 微乳化法…………………………………………………………………8 1-2-3 熱解法……………………………………………………………………9 1-2-4 磁性奈米粒子之改質…………………………………………………11 1-3 乳糖酸及原紫質之介紹……………………………………………………14 1-3-1 乳糖酸之簡介………………………………………………………14 1-3-2 原紫質之簡介......................................15 1-4 研究動機.............................................16 第二章 實驗材料與步驟........................................17 2-1 合成磁性奈米氧化鐵步驟.................................17 2-1-1 磁性奈米粒子之製備..................................17 2-1-2 磁性奈米粒子親水性改質.............................17 2-1-3 以乳糖酸修飾磁性奈米粒子之製備.......................17 2-1-4 以原紫質修飾磁性奈米粒子之製備.......................17 2-2 磁性奈米粒子之熱治療...................................19 2-3 藥物包覆與釋放之流程...................................19 2-3-1 Capsaicin之定量分析方法...........................19 2-3-2 藥物包覆與釋放流程.................................19 2-4 相關儀器分析與樣品製備.................................20 2-4-1 穿透式電子顯微鏡..................................20 2-4-2 高頻感應機.......................................20 2-4-3 X-ray 繞射儀................................20 2-4-4 超導量子干涉儀....................................20 2-4-5 能量散佈光譜儀....................................21 2-4-6 傅立葉紅外線光譜儀.................................21 2-4-7 紫外線/可見光分光光譜儀............................21 2-4-8 熱重分析儀.......................................21 2-4-9 奈米粒徑電位分析儀................................22 2-5 實驗藥品.............................................22 2-6 實驗儀器.............................................23 第三章 結果與討論...........................................24 3-1 磁性奈米粒子之製備....................................24 3-2 APTES改質油相奈米磁性粒子並以乳糖酸、原紫質修飾反應........28 3-2-1 EDS 表面元素分析.................................30 3-2-2 SEM掃瞄式顯微鏡之表面圖像分析.......................32 3-2-3奈米粒子之磁性分析..................................34 3-2-4 Zeta-potential 表面電位分析.......................38 3-2-5 TGA熱重損失分析...................................40 3-2-6 XRD晶相分析......................................42 3-2-7 FT-IR 紅外光譜圖分析..............................47 3-2-8 UV-Vis 紫外/可見光譜圖分析.........................52 3-2-9 TEM影像分析......................................54 3-3 磁性奈米粒子熱效應探討.................................67 3-4 Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA 磁性奈米粒子包覆capsaicin藥物之探 討..................................................69 第四章 結論................................................72 參考文獻...................................................73   表目錄 表 1-1-1 不同材料形成之圓形顆粒估算之單磁區尺寸的Dc值.............2 表 1-2-1 不同穩定劑之優點.....................................8 表 1-2-2 各項奈米粒子製備過程之比較...........................10 表 3-1-1 磁球製備改進過程....................................25 表 3-2-1 磁性奈米粒子改質前後之元素分析........................30 表 3-2-2 磁性奈米粒子改質前後晶格計算比較......................43   圖目錄 圖 1-1-1　金粒子半徑與熔點之關係圖.............................1 圖 1-1-2　粒子半徑與保磁力之關係圖.............................3 圖 1-1-3　不同奈米粒子最佳熱治療之粒徑分佈.......................6 圖 1-2-1　LaMer diagram 成核結晶關係圖........................7 圖 1-2-2　熱解法奈米粒子合成之示意圖...........................10 圖 1-2-3　兩種不同的保護機制。(a) 靜電排斥；(b) 立體障礙.........11 圖 1-2-4　兩種親水性改質方法示意圖。(a) 雙層相轉換；(b) 配位交換 法...............................................13 圖 1-3-1　乳糖酸之結構......................................14 圖 1-3-2　奈米磁性粒子經乳糖酸改質前後對肝細胞之影響。(a) 未改質之奈 米磁性粒子；(b) 經乳糖酸改質後之奈米磁性粒子...........15 圖 2-1-1　Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA之製備流程圖...................18 圖 3-1-1　Ostwald ripening 晶體成長示意圖....................24 圖 3-1-2　油酸、油胺之TGA影像圖；虛線為實驗操作溫度 (260℃、 320℃)...........................................26 圖 3-1-3　Fe3O4 之TEM影像； 反應溫度分別為 (a) 320℃；(b) 260℃............................................27 圖 3-2-1　矽醇配位交換法之示意圖..............................28 圖 3-2-2　不同磁性奈米粒子之EDS 元素分析光譜 (a) Fe3O4； 　(b) Fe3O4@silane；(c) Fe3O4@silane-LBA...........31 圖 3-2-3　有機相磁性奈米粒子 (Fe3O4) 之SEM圖..................32 圖 3-2-4　以矽醇改質後磁性奈米粒子之SEM圖。(a) Fe3O4@silane；(b) 　Fe3O4@silane-LBA；(c) Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA........33 圖 3-2-5　溫度300 K 下之Fe3O4磁性分析圖 (a) 磁滯曲線圖； 　 (b) 於原點區附近的磁滯曲線圖.......................35 圖 3-2-6　溫度5 K 下之Fe3O4磁性分析圖 (a) 磁滯曲線圖； (b) 於原點附近的磁滯曲線圖...........................35 圖 3-2-7　溫度300 K 下之Fe3O4@silane 磁性分析圖 (a) 磁滯曲線圖； 　(b) 於原點附近的磁滯曲線圖...........................36 圖 3-2-8　溫度5 K 下之Fe3O4@silane 磁性分析圖 (a) 磁滯曲線圖； (b) 於原點附近的磁滯曲線圖...........................36 圖 3-2-9 　溫度300 K 下之磁性分析比較 (a) Fe3O4；(b) Fe3O4@silane.....................................37 圖 3-2-10　Zeta-potential 表面電位分析比較...................39 圖 3-2-11　有機相Fe3O4之TGA圖，(a) Fe3O4；(b) 油酸；(c) 油 胺..............................................41 圖 3-2-12　Fe3O4經矽醇配位交換前後之TGA圖。(a) Fe3O4；(b) Fe3O4@silane....................................41 圖 3-2-13　Fe3O4@silane經乳糖酸及原紫質修飾前後之TGA圖。 圖 3-2-13　(a) Fe3O4@silane；(b) Fe3O4@silane-LBA；(c) Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA.............................42 圖 3-2-14　磁性奈米粒子之XRD圖。(a) Fe3O4；(b) Fe3O4@silane....................................44 圖 3-2-15　磁性奈米粒子之XRD (311)晶面圖。(a) Fe3O4；(b) Fe3O4@silane....................................45 圖 3-2-16　修飾乳糖酸及原紫質後之 Fe3O4@silane XRD圖；(a) Fe3O4@silane；(b) Fe3O4@silane-LBA；(c) Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA.............................46 圖 3-2-17　有機相Fe3O4 之FT-IR 光譜圖........................49 圖 3-2-18　APTES與Fe3O4@silane 之FT-IR光譜圖。(a) Fe3O4@silane；(b)APTES..........................49 圖 3-2-19　以不同比例矽醇配位交換反應後Fe3O4@silane 之FT-IR 光譜 圖。(a) 2 %；(b) 1 %；(c) 0.5 %..................50 圖 3-2-20　修飾LBA前後Fe3O4@silane之 FT-IR光譜圖。(a) LBA； 　(b) Fe3O4@silane；(c) Fe3O4@silane-LBA...........50 圖 3-2-21　Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA 粒子結構示意圖................51 圖 3-2-22　原紫質與 Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA之UV-Vis光譜。虛：原紫質； 　實：Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA.........................53 圖 3-2-23　原紫質與 Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA波峰位置關係圖。(a) 原紫 質；(b)Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA......................53 圖 3-2-24　粒子以原紫質改質後之UV-Vis比較圖。(a) Fe3O4@silane- PP/LBA；(b) Fe3O4@silane-PP；(c) Fe3O4@silane；(d) Fe3O4@silane-LBA................................54 圖 3-2-25　亞麻油酸及乳糖酸之結構示意圖。上：亞麻油酸；下：乳糖 酸..............................................55 圖 3-2-26　以LBA 為界面活性劑製成Fe3O4之TEM影像。放大倍率分別為： (a) 4 k；(b) 200 k；(c) 400 k....................57 圖 3-2-27　以LA 為界面活性劑製成 Fe3O4 之TEM影像。放大倍率分別為： 　(a) 30 k；(b) 50 k；(c) 200 k；(d) 400 k.........58 圖 3-2-28　以油酸及油胺為界面活性劑製成之Fe3O4 之TEM影像。放大倍率 　分別為：(a) 100 k；(b) 200 k；(c) 400 k..........59 圖 3-2-29　以矽醇改質後呈片狀之Fe3O4@silane。放大倍率分別為：(a) 10 k；(b) 50 k；(c) 100 k.......................60 圖 3-2-30　以矽醇改質後呈球形 Fe3O4@silane 之TEM 影像。放大倍率分別 　為：(a) 20 k；(b) 300 k；(c) 400 k...............61 圖 3-2-31　以矽醇改質後呈殼層狀 Fe3O4@silane 之 TEM影像。放大倍率分 別為：(a) 300 k；(b) 200 k；(c) 300 k；(d) 300 k..62 圖 3-2-32　以LBA修飾Fe3O4@silane之TEM影像。放大倍率分別為： (a) 300 k；(b) 400 k.............................63 圖 3-2-33　DLS粒徑分佈圖。(a) Fe3O4@silane；(b) Fe3O4@silane- LBA.............................................63 圖 3-2-34　Fe3O4@silane 分別修飾LBA及PP前後之TEM圖。 　(a)Fe3O4@silane，200 k；(b) Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA， 300 k..........................................64 圖 3-2-35　混合型Fe3O4@silane 分別修飾LBA及PP前後之TEM圖。 (a)Fe3O4@silane，150 k；(b) Fe3O4@silane，300 k； (c)Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA，80 k；(d) Fe3O4@silane- PP/LBA，100 k..................................65 圖 3-2-36　經矽醇改質前後之奈米氧化鐵示意圖。圖左：正己烷 (上層)、 　Fe3O4@silane (下層)；圖右： Fe3O4 (上層)、水 (下 層).............................................66 圖 3-3-1 　磁性奈米粒子改質前後熱效應比較......................67 圖 3-3-2 　Fe3O4@silane重覆進行熱效應比較....................68 圖 3-4-1 　Capsaicin結構圖.................................69 圖 3-4-2 　Capsaicin之濃度檢量線............................69 圖 3-4-3 　磁性奈米粒子之capsaicin釋放曲線。(a) Fe3O4@silane； 　(b) Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA........................70 圖 3-4-4 　不同奈米粒子之capsaicin 釋放曲線。(a) Fe3O4@silane； 　(b) Fe3O4@silane-PP/LBA........................71

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