| 研究生: |
方韋翔 Fang, Wei-Xiang |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
以氧化鋁擔載鈣鑭氧化物催化甘油寡聚反應之研究 Study on Heterogeneously Catalyzed Oligomerization of Glycerol over Alumina Supported Calcium-Lanthanum Mixed Oxides |
| 指導教授: |
陳炳宏
Chen, Bing-Hung |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2019 |
| 畢業學年度: | 107 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 100 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 醚化反應 、氧化鋁 、鈣 、鑭 、甘油 、二聚甘油 、三聚甘油 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Glycerol, Diglycerol, Triglycerol, Etherification, Lanthanum oxide, Calcium oxide, Alumina |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:71 下載:2 |
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隨著時代進步,石化燃料的使用量也大幅上升,除了造成石油燃料的枯竭,也造成世界環境的污染,因此,尋找永續性、環保及低汙染的再生能源在近年來備受重視,其中又以生質柴油為備受關注的替代性能源之一。然而,隨著生質柴油的大量生產,使得其主要副產物¬¬¬甘油在市場上出現了供需失衡的情形,導致其價格驟跌進而影響到生質柴油產業經濟,因此,尋求甘油的高價值應用以鞏固其原料價格,以穩定生質柴油產業市場。
本研究利用Dean-Stark反應系統進行無溶劑之甘油醚化反應,以生成直鏈型二聚甘油與三聚甘油為目標,將商用氧化鋁以濕式含浸法改質,共同擔載鈣鑭作為催化甘油醚化反應之觸媒,探討其催化效果與醚化反應之參數,包含鍛燒溫度、含浸濃度、鈣鑭比例、觸媒甘油重量比及動力學分析。並使用XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TPD, BET以及TGA等儀器分析觸媒特性並探討其催化效果。
本研究合成的氧化鋁擔載鈣鑭活性物,成功提升甘油醚化反應之甘油轉化率與直鏈型二聚甘油及三聚甘油選擇率,由實驗篩選出觸媒最佳合成條件為鈣鑭比例2.7:1、含浸量15 mmol/g alumina及鍛燒溫度600°C,在250°C的溫度下反應8小時可得到72%的甘油轉化率以及82%以上的直鏈型二聚甘油與三聚甘油選擇率,反應後經回收之觸媒也展現良好的耐用性,可得到62%的甘油轉化率以及73%以上的直鏈型二聚甘油與三聚甘油選擇率。
In this work, the solvent-less etherification of glycerol in presence of calcium–lanthanum oxides supported on alumina as catalysts was studied. The catalysts were successfully prepared by the wetness impregnation method using La(NO3)3 and Ca(NO3)2 solutions as well as boehmite as the support, and, subsequently, by calcination at 600 C. Various instruments including BET, TPD, XRD, SEM, and ICP-OES analysis was employed for characterization of these catalysts. Typically, the etherification reactions of glycerol, as both reactant and solvent, were carried out at 250 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. Under the optimal reaction conditions, near 72% glycerol could be converted to glycerol oligomers after 8h using Ca-La/alumina catalysts, prepared from mixed solutions of Ca+2/La+3 in which the molar ratio of Ca/La is 2.7/1, with a loading as 2 wt% based on the initial mass of glycerol. A selectivity of 81% for di- and tri-glycerol in linear form could be achieved, accordingly. Moreover, this catalyst showed good reusability and stability. For example, near 62% in glycerol conversion and ca. 73% as selectivity of di- and tri-glycerol could be obtained with the recycled catalysts after the second sequential run.
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