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研究生: 康旭雅
Kang, Hsu-Ya
論文名稱: 回收銅構築奈米毛細泵應用於光電元件散熱研究
Enhanced Heat Dissipation of Photoelectric Devices with Nano-Capillary Pumps Assembled with Recycled Copper
指導教授: 王鴻博
Wang, H. Paul
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 工學院 - 環境工程學系
Department of Environmental Engineering
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 261
中文關鍵詞: 奈米殼核粒子奈米毛細泵均熱板光催化太陽能電池
外文關鍵詞: core-shell nanoparticles, nano-capillary pump loops, vapor chamber, photocatalysis, solar cells.
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  • 資源回收將更強調過程中重視新產品、新製程、新市場之開發,使資源再利用由消極的被動事業轉化為正面積極的產業,創造經濟、社會、環境保護、與綠色能源之實質效益。在過程中,重視應用高科技發展新穎、環保、綠能之產品與製程,並且創造經濟效益與市場就業導向的概念。
    本研究重點是發展環境友善的回收奈米金屬技術,再研製為高附加價值之可調粒徑奈米金屬核殼材料(如Cu@C),進一步研究其奈米殼核金屬或雙金屬粒子(如Cu-Ag@C, Cu-Fe@C, CuPd@C, CuNi@C, Co@C等)之生長機制、控制因子(如C/M)與組成成分之關係,以有效開發新穎材料應用於新一代綠色產業,例如利用Cu@C提升太陽能電池之導電效能至少23%、(Cu-Fe2O3/Fe)@C光催化降解染料去除率高達90%以上。
    新能源技術已注重熱污染與環境之關係,因此開發低成本、高效能之散熱材料,以應用於光電元件例如電腦主機與高效能照明光源(發光二極體(light emitting diode, LED))等高廢熱之散熱,以避免過元件因過熱而耗損,並降低環境熱污染。本研究工作包括以蒸汽剝離Cu@C之碳構築奈米毛細泵(nano-capillary pump loop, CPL),構築間距約10-30 nm 之Cu (20 nm)奈米毛細泵,研製之超薄高效能均熱板(厚度 = 1.0-1.2 mm)應用於LED散熱元件,可以有效提升散熱效率大於銅片之9倍,降低LED 接點溫度(Tj) 3~5 oC。另外研究過程也注重:關鍵技術之研發、技術轉移之便利性、成本競爭優勢、高效率與高效能、以及環境友善性。

    The new recycling concept is to increase the value with novel green products and processes using environmental-friendly and energy-saving methods. In this fashion, economic benefits by simulating new markets and new working opportunities in the green industries can be promoted.
    A novel recycling method has been developed in our laboratory to prepare value-added core-shell nanoparticles. In this dissertation, to promote the applications of the core-shell nanoparticles in green industry, the growth of the core-shell nanoparticles such as Cu-Ag@C, Cu-Fe@C, CuPd@C, CuNi@C, and Co@C have been further investigated by controlling the C/M ratios and the compositions. Furthermore, related promisng applications such as dispersing Cu@C in TiO2 to enhance the performance (>23%) of dye-senstized solar cell by enhancing the electron transfer effiency, and using the magnetic recoverable (Cu-Fe2O3/Fe)@C in photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (>90% removal efficiency) have been developed.
    Environmantal heat pollution is an emerging issue that has been getting more attention in green technology due to the increasing demand of low-cost and high-efficient heat dissipation devices for photoelectric devices such as computer cental processing units (CPU) and high-power light emitting diodes (LEDs) moduals. In this work, core-shell nanoparticles of copper encapsulated in a carbon shell (Cu@C) have been used in construction of nano-capillar pump loops (nano-CPL) within carbon-shell to enhance the heat dissipation efficiency of vapor chambers (VPs). A novel process for manufacturing of ultra thin VPs with a thickness of <1.0 mm is assembled. In addition, the novel method is simple, low cost, environmental-friendly and ready for the technology transfers. The enhanced thermal transfer efficiency of the ultra thin VPs is much greater than the bulky Cu by at least nine times, ascribed to the accelerated liquid-vapor circulation in the nano-CPL system. An immediate decrease of 3-5 oC of Tj achieved by the ultra-thin VPs has been evidenced by a home-made LED junction temperature (Tj) measurement system.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 IV LIST OF TABLES VII LIST OF FIGURES VIII CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE SURVEY 3 2.1 Preparation of core-shell nanoparticles 3 2.1.1 Recovery of copper from wastes 4 2.1.2 Preparation and characterization of core-shell nanoparticles 4 2.1.3 Small angle X-ray scattering 25 2.1.4 Growth of nanoparticles 27 2.2 Vapor chambers for heat disspation for photoelectric devices 30 2.2.1 Vapor chambers and nano-capillary pumped loop 30 2.2.2 Photoelectric devices and light emitting diodes 39 2.2.3 Thermal interface material 41 CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS 43 3.1 Experimental Procedures 43 3.2 Preparation of core-shell nanoparticles 47 3.3 Assembly of ultra-thin vapor chambers with nano-capillary pump loop 47 3.4 Characterization methods 52 3.4.1 Field Emission-Scanning/Transmission Electron Microscope 52 3.4.2 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 52 3.4.3 Thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry 52 3.4.4 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 52 3.4.5 X-ray absorption spectroscopy 53 3.4.6 Small angle X-ray scattering spectroscopy 54 3.5 Measurement of heat transfer performance 58 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 66 4.1 Core-shell nanoparticles fundemental research 66 4.1.1 Formation of CuNi alloy and Cu@Ag bimetal nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon-shell 66 4.1.2 Shape- and phase-dependent melting point depression of nanosize Cu-based bimetals 89 4.1.3 Preparation of Ag nanspheres filled with Cu 103 4.1.4 Preparation of magnetic recoverable nanosize Cu-Fe2O3/Fe photocatalysts 115 4.1.5 Growth of nano Co encapsulated carbon-shell 134 4.1.6 Growth of CuPd nanoalloys encapsulated in carbon-shell 154 4.2 Applications 168 4.2.1 Heat dissipation enhanced with nanosize copper capillary pumped vapor chambers 168 4.2.2 Heat dissipation enhanced with ultra-thin aluminum vapor chamber 180 4.2.3 Nano capillary cooling 185 4.2.4 Cu@C dispersed TiO2 for dye-sensitized solar cell photoanodes 193 CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS 207 References 209 Appendix 225 A. Monitoring LED Tj junction temperatures of ultra-thin vapor chambers 226 B. Supporting information 241

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