享譽世界文壇的美國作家馬克吐溫的作品《湯姆歷險記》，長期以來，不但在青少年間盛行不墜，就連一般成年人也對之愛不釋手。然而，《湯姆歷險記》向來僅被視之為青少年們的讀物，並且被認為是馬克吐溫的童年自傳體小說。但僅只如此，並無法充分解釋為何這本屬於青少年們的小說，竟會長期以來受到如此廣泛的青睞。
　　因此，本篇論文嘗試從佛洛伊德與容格的心理學來解讀馬克吐溫的《湯姆歷險記》，試圖探討此一現象背後之深層原因。
　　第一章 介紹作者馬克吐溫的生平及概述有關《湯姆歷險記》的相關
評論。
　　第二章 介紹容格心理學中的「原型」理論及其與佛洛伊德心理學的差異。
　　第三章 以上述兩種理論對《湯姆歷險記》一書進行分析。
　　第四章 結論。說明《湯姆歷險記》非但不僅是青少年們的讀物而已，更非僅止於是馬克吐溫的童年自傳體小說。事實上，《湯姆歷險記》的成功，在於它充滿了豐富、深刻、活潑、多變的原型意象。跟隨湯姆的腳步，讀者所經歷的，不但是一場豐富的原型意象之旅，更是一場追求生命靈魂實踐的英雄之旅。《湯姆歷險記》觸動了人類性靈上永恆追求的課題，並以這份召喚繼續不斷的感動著無數過去、現在與未來的讀者們。

　The legendary American novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer has long been popular among not only adolescents but also adults. However, most critics categorize the novel as merely a children's book or at most, an autobiographical novel about Mark Twain's childhood. However, this does not explain why such a juvenile novel as this can enjoy such wide popularity regardless of time in which it was written and the age of the reader.

　The aim of my thesis, therefore, is to attempt to help answer this question by employing both Freudian and especially Jungian theory to analyze Twain's second most successful novel. In so doing I hope to cast light on the reasons behind the popularity of this famous novel.

　In Chapter One I introduce some of the basic biographical facts about Mark Twain as well as an overview of well established criticism on the novel.

　In Chapter Two, I will introduce the archetypal theory of Jung and apply it to the novel. In doing so, it will also be necessary to talk about the difference between Jung's theory and Freud's theory.

　Chapter Three includes the analysis of Tom Sawyer in terms of both Freudian and Jungian approaches.

　In the concluding chapter, I will establish that The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is more than a comic romance of a young boy in the pre-civil war South. Its true significance lies in the fact that it is an archetypal journey that also explains the journey of the soul and this explains why this book has touched the hearts of so many people and will continue to as long as man can read.

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