本論文主要探討：風切對於起降過程中，低空飛行航機的氣動行為改變對於飛行安全影響之研究，本研究採用一架在強風大雨中降落的波音737-800型客機其飛行紀錄器(Flight Data Recorder, FDR)所紀錄的真實飛行參數來進行研究。飛行資料首先經過擴展式卡爾曼濾波(Extended Kalman Filter, EKF)來進行資料的一致性檢查(Compatibility Check)及估測未量測參數，並計算估測三維風場及飛行軌跡，此結果將有助於風切識別及危害程度的分析。然後將飛行資料以模糊邏輯模式化(Fuzzy Logic Modeling, FLM)理論來建立一個非線性、非穩態且受強風影響的空氣動力模型，做為研究氣動力行為的數值資料庫，藉由此氣動模型的建立可以進行模擬各種風洞實驗法中的震盪(Oscillatory)實驗或延滯作用(Hysteresis)；另外也可取代飛行試驗，模擬計算在有強烈側風的影響下的動態氣動力行為，例如地面效應(Ground Effect) 的靜態或動態分析。
　　本論文結果顯示EKF可以有效的估測及改善飛行數據的誤差，且模糊邏輯模式化技術可以同時處理多變量參數之非線性行為，並提供合理的動態及非穩態的氣動模型，從模擬的震盪實驗中藉由空氣動力導數來分析非穩態及非線性的空氣動力行為，並證實遲滯效應現象會同時出現在縱軸運動和橫軸的運動中，且存在著不穩定的因子，此結果顯示側風將影響飛行過程的穩定性能及控制能力。另外從地面效應的分析中得知，當下降率增加時地面效應將會明顯增加，而側風在接近觸地時會導致升力的降低而減小地面效應，另外控制效能在這個時候也明顯减小，使得在強風中的控制變得更困難。本研究所使用的方法不只有助於了解飛行的性能，未來透過有效的整合，也可以有效的整合風洞數據或其他飛行試驗數據，進而完成一個完整的空氣動力數據資料庫。該資料庫可以提供危害評估、飛機設計或藉由補強飛行模擬器的動態氣動參數來加強飛行員的應變及訓練。

　　The effects of windshear on airplane flight safety during take off and landing are examined. The main focus is to study the aerodynamic characteristics based on flight data from Flight Data Recorders (FDR) to provide an insight in the clues that cause accidents or incidents. A fuzzy logic modeling (FLM) algorithm is adopted to establish the nonlinear dynamic aerodynamic models for a jet transport in a flight accident. Modeling is applied to a set of flight parameters from the compatibility analysis of FDR data through an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm. The fuzzy-logic model provides a numerical aerodynamic database from which the aerodynamic coefficients under oscillatory conditions can be extracted to demonstrate the hysteresis effects. It is also used to provide data for the static and dynamic ground effects analyses, which are particularly difficult to perform when the aircraft is near the ground in the presence of varying crosswind.
　　In this study, a Boeing 737-800 landing under strong wind and heavy rain conditions is investigated. A fuzzy logic modeling technique is applied to model the nonlinearities associated with wind-affected aerodynamics. The results indicate that the fuzzy-logic modeling is capable of handling many motion variables at the same time in the nonlinear manner and providing reasonable unsteady aerodynamics. Unsteady and nonlinear aerodynamic phenomena are observed from the analysis of stiffness, damping, and control effectiveness derivatives. The hysteresis effects are demonstrated by the harmonic oscillation response loops to show the unsteady effects that appear in both longitudinal and lateral-directional motions. The results of ground effect analysis show that ground effect appears to be significant as the sink rate increases, and the crosswind tends to induce adverse dynamic ground effect (i.e. lift reduction) when the aircraft flaring to touch-down. The sideslip, as produced by crosswind, will make the pitching moment more negative. It also reduces the control effectiveness. The adopted approach not only has the potential to help understand the flying characteristics but also is more effective than the current windshear identification method in identifying the degree of windshear hazards and improving the flight simulator’s aerodynamic database for pilot’s trainings.

Aviation Safety Council, Aircraft Serious Incident Report, “Mandarin Airline Flight AE838 Boeing 737-809, B-18603, CKS Airport,” ASC-AIR-01-09-001.
Aviation Accident Investigation Commission of Japan, Aviation Accident Report, “Japan Airlines, DC-9-41 during Landing Encountered Server Wind Shear, Hanamaki Airport, Japan, April 18, 1993.,” 94-6-JA8448.
Abzug, Malcolm J., “Airspeed Stability under Wind Shear Conditions,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.14, No.3, 1977, pp. 311-312.
Bach, R. E. and Wingrove, R. C., “Analysis of Windshear from Airline Flight Data,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.26, No.2, 1989, pp. 103-109.
Bach, Ralph E. “A Variation Technique for Smoothing Flight-Test and Accident Data,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.19, No.7, 1982, pp. 546-552.
Bach, R. E. and Wingrove, R. C., “Analysis of General Aviation Accidents Using ATC Radar Records,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.20, No.10, 1983, pp. 872-876.
Baker, P. A., Schweikhard, W. G., and Young, W. R., “Flight Evaluation of Ground Effect on Several Low-Aspect Ratio Airplanes,” NASA TN-D-6053, Oct 1970.
Bowles, R. L., “Reducing Windshear Risk Through Airborne Systems Technology,” Proceedings of 17th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, 1990, pp 1603-1630.
Blackelock, J. H., Automatic Control of Aircraft and Missiles, 2nd Edition, 1991 by John Wiley & Sons Inc.
British Civil Airworthiness Requirements, Section D, Air Registration Board, England.
Campbell, John P., Hassel, James L., and Thomas, James L., “Ground Effect on Lift for Turbofan Powered-Lift STOL Aircraft,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.15, No.2, 1978, pp. 78-84.
Chin, S., and Lan, C. E., "Fourier Functional Analysis for Unsteady Aerodynamic Modeling," AIAA Journal, Vol. 30, September 1992, pp.2259-2266.
Chang, R. C. and Muirhead, V. U., “Effect of Sink Rate on Ground Effect of Low-Aspect Ratio Wings,” J. of Aircraft, vol. 24, no. 3, Mar 1986, pp. 176-180.
Civil Airworthiness Specifications, Parts 23 and 25, Federal Aviation Regulations, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1991.
Curry, Robert E. and Bowers, Albion H. “Ground Effect Analysis of A Jet Transport Airplane,” NASA TM-85920, Jan. 1985.
Dietenberger, M. A., Haines, P. A. and Luers, J. K., “Reconstruction of Pan Am New Orleans Accident,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.22, No.8, 1985, pp. 719-728.
Dogan, A., and Kabamba, P. T., “Escaping Microburst with Turbulence: Altitude, Dive, and Pitch Guidance Strategies,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.37, No.3, 2000, pp. 417-426.
Etkin, B., “Turbulent Wind and Its Effect on Flight,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.18, No.5, 1981, pp.327 -345.
Etkin, B., “Comment on “Wind Shear Terms in the Equations of Aircraft Motion”,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.24, No.7, 1987, pp.477 -478.
FAA Advisory Circular, “AC 00-54 Subject: Pilot Windshear Guide,” 1985.
FAA AWRP Website, http://www.faa.gov/aua/awr.
Federal Aviation Administration, “Windshear Training Aid, example windshear training program,” November 1986.
Fan, Y. and Lulze, F. H., "Identification of an Unsteady Aerodynamic Model at High Angles of Attack," AIAA Paper 96-3407, Jury 1996.
Flight Safety Foundation, “Flight Crew of DC-10 Encounters Microburst during Unstabilized Approach, Ending in Runway Accident,” Accident Prevention, Vol.53, No.8, pp.1-11, August, 1996.
Flight Safety Foundation, “Unaware That Crew Executes Standard Go-around; Aircraft Flies into Terrain,” Accident Prevention, Vol.53, No.2, pp.1-15, August, 1996.
Flight Safety Foundation, “Flight Crew of DC-10 Encounters Microburst during Unstabilized Approach, Ending in Runway Accident,” Accident Prevention, Vol.53, No.8, pp.1-11, August, 1996.
Flight Safety Foundation, “Crew Fails to Compute Crosswind Component, Boeing 757 Nosewheel Collapses on Landing,” Accident Prevention, Vol.57, No.3, pp.1-8, March, 2000.
Flight Safety Foundation, “Inadequate Weather Communication Cited in B737 Microburst-downdraft Incident,” Airport Operation, Vol.29, No.1, pp.1-8, Jan.-Feb., 2003.
Flight Safety Foundation, “B-737 Crew’s Unstabilized Approach Results in Overrun of a Wet Runway,” Accident Prevention, Vol.60, No.7, pp.1-8, July, 2003.
Flight Safety Foundation, “MD-82 Overruns Runway While Landing in Proximity of Server Thunderstorms,” Accident Prevention, Vol.59, No.2, pp.1-20, Feb., 2002.
Frost, W., Chang, H.-P., Elmore K. L., “Simulated Flight through JAWS Windshear,” J. Aircraft, Vol.21, No. 10, Oct. 1984. pp. 797-802.
Frost, W., Chang, H.-P., Elmore K. L., “Aircraft Performance in a JAWS Microburst,” J. Aircraft, Vol.22, No. 7, Jul. 1985. pp. 561-567.
Frost, W., and Bowles, R. L., “Windshear Terms in the Equations of Aircraft Motion,” J. Aircraft, Vol. 21, No. 11, 1984, p.866-872.
Frost, Walter, Chang, Ho-Pen, McCarthy, John, and Elmore, Kimberly L., “Aircraft Performance in A JAWS Microburst,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.22, No.7, 1985 pp.561 -567.
Fujita, T. T., “DFW microburst on August 2, 1985,” SMRP Res. Paper No. 217, Univ. of Chicago, 155 pp. [NTIS No. PB86-131638].
Fujita, T. T., “The downburst, microburst, and macroburst,” SMRP Res. Paper No. 210, Univ. of Chicago, 122 pp. 1985 [NTIS No. PB85-148880]
Fujita, T. T., “Microburst wind shear at New Orleans International Airport, Kenner, Louisiana,” SMRP Res. Paper No. 199, Univ. of Chicago, 39 pp. on July 9, 1982
Fujita, T. T., and H.R. Byers, “Spearhead echo and downbursts in the crash of an airliner,” Rev., 105, 1292-146, 1977.
Gelb, A. “Applied Optimal Estimation,” The M.I.T Press, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A., 1982.
Goff, R. Craig, “Some Observations of Thunderstorm-Induced Low-Level Wind Variations,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.14, No.5, 1977, pp. 423-427.
Goman, M. and Khrabrov, A., “State-Space Representation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Aircraft at High Angle of Attack,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.31, No.5, 1994, pp. 1109-1115.
Guan, W.L, Hsiao, F.B. and Ho, C. S., “Estimation of Longitudinal Aerodynamic Parameters by Differential GPS/EKF Technique,” AIAA-99-4177.
Guan, W-L and Yong, Kay, “Review of Aviation Accidents Caused by Wind Shear and Identification Methods”, Journal of the Chinese Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 99-109, 2002.
Hacker, Tiberiu, “Attitude Instability in Steady Rolling and Roll Resonance,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.14, No.1, 1977, pp.23 -31.
Hahn, K.-U., “Takeoff and Landing in Downburst,” J. Aircraft, Vol.24, No. 8, Aug. 1987. pp. 552-558.
Haines, P., and Luers, J., “Aerodynamic Penalties of Heavy Rain on Landing Airplanes,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.20, No.2, 1983, pp. 111-119.
Hinton, D. A., “Forward-Look Wind-Shear Detection for Microburst Recovery,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp 63-66, 1992.
Hinton, David A., “Forward-Look Wind-Shear Detection for Microburst Recovery,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.29, No.1, 1992, pp. 63-66.
Hu, C. C.; Lan, C. E. and Brandon, I, "Unsteady Aerodynamic Models for Maneuvering Aircraft," AIAA Paper 93-3626CP, Aug. 1993.
Iliff, Kenneth W., “Parameter Estimation for Flight Vehicles,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.12, No.5, 1989, pp. 609-622.
Iliff, Kenneth W., “Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Lift and Drag from Dynamic Aircraft Maneuvers,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.14, No.12, 1977, pp. 1175-1181.
Jacobson, Ira D. and Joshi, Dinesh S., “Handling Qualities of Aircraft in the Presence of Simulated Turbulence,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.15, No.4, 1978, pp. 254-256.
Jacobson Ira D. and Josh, Dinesh S., “Investigation of the Influence of Simulated Turbulence on Handling Qualities,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.14, No. 3, pp. 272-275.
Klein, V. and Schiess, J.R., “Compatibility Check of Measured Aircraft Responses Using Kinematics Equations and Extend Kalman Filter,” NASA TN D-8514, 1977.
Klein, V.; Batterson, J. G. and Murphy, P. C., “Determination of Airplane Model Structure from Flight Data by Using Modified Stepwise Regression,” NASA TP-1916, 1981.
Klein, V., Breneman, K.P., and Ratvasky, T.P., “Aerodynamic Parameters of An Advanced Fighter Aircraft Estimated From Flight Data. Preliminary Results,” NASA TM-101631, Jul. 1989.
Klein, V.; Ratvasky, T.P. and Cobleigh, B.R., “Aerodynamic Parameters of High-Angle-of-Attack Research Vehicle (HARV) Estimated from Flight Data,” NASA TM-102692, Aug. 1990.
Kobayakawa, Makoto and Maeda, Hiroshi, “Gust Response of a Wing near the ground through the Lifting Surface Theory,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.15, No.8, 1978.
Leach, B., and Hui, K., “In-Flight Technique for Calibrating Air Data Systems Using Kalman Filtering and Smoothing”, Proceedings of AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference, AIAA 2001-4017, Montreal, Canada, August 6-9, 2001.
Lebacqz, J. V. and Govindaraj, K. S., “Implicit Model Following and Parameter Identification of Unstable Aircraft,” Journal of Guidance and Control, Vol.3, No.2, 1980, pp. 119-123.
Lee, P.-H., Lan, C. E., and Muirhead, V. U., “An Experimental Investigation of Dynamic Ground Effect,” NASA CR-4105, 1987.
Lester, P.F., “Aviation Weather”, 2nd Edition, Chapter 11, Jeppesen Sanderson Inc., 2000 (ISBN 0-88487-273-4).
Lewis, M. S.; Robinson, P. A.; Hinton, D. A.; and Bowles, R. L., “The Relationship of an Integral Wind Shear Hazard to Aircraft Performance Limitations,” NASA TM-109080, 1994.
Lin, G. F.; Lan, C. E. and J. M. Brandon, "A generalized Dynamic Aerodynamic Coefficient Model for Flight Dynamics Applications," AIAA Paper 97-3643, Aug. 1997.
Lin, G. F.; Songster, T. and Lan, C. E., “Effect of High-Alpha Unsteady Aerodynamics on Longitudinal Dynamics of an F-18 Configuration,” AIAA Paper 95-3488, Aug. 1995.
Luers, J. and Haines, P., “Heavy Rain Influence on Airplane Accidents,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.20, No.2, 1983, pp. 187-190.
Mahapatra, Pravas R., Zrnic Dusan S., and Doviak, Richard J., “Optimum Siting of NEXRAD to Detect Hazardous Weather at Airports,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 20, No. 4, 1983, pp.363 -371.
Maine, Richard E. and Murray, James E., “Application of Parameter Estimation to Highly Unstable Aircraft,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.11, No.3, 1988, pp. 213-219.
Maine, R. E. and Iliff, K. W, “User’s Manual for MMLE3, a General FORTRAN Program for Maximum Likelihood Parameter Estimation,” NASA TP-1563, 1980.
Maine, R. E. and Iliff, K. W, “Application of Parameter Estimation to Aircraft Stability and Control,” NASA RP-1168, Jun, 1986.
Marchman III, J. F., Robertson, Edward A., and Emsley, Howard T., “Rain Effects at Low Reynolds Number,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.24, No.9, 1987, pp. 638-644.
Miele, A., Wang, T., Melvin, W. W., and Bowles R. L., “Gamma Guidance Schemes for Flight in a Windshear,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.11, No.4, 1988, pp.320 -327.
Miele, A., Wang, T., and Melvin, W. W., “Penetration Landing Guidance Trajectories in the Presence of Windshear,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.12, No.6, 1989, pp. 806-814.
Miele, A., Wang, T., Melvin, W. W., and Bowles R. L., “Acceleration, Gamma, and Theta Guidance for Abort Landing in a windshear,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.12, No.6, 1989, pp.815 -821.
Moorhouse, David J., “Airspeed Control under Wind Shear Conditions,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.14, No.12, 1977, pp.1244.
NASA AWIN Website, http://awin.larc.nasa.gov/
NTSB Accident Statistics, Relationship of NTSB Weather Related Accidents to Total NTSB Accidents, http://www.asy.faa.gov/
NTSB Aviation Accident Report, “Easter Airline, Inc., Boeing 727-225 JFK International Airport, Jamaica, New York, June 24, 1975.” AAR-76-08, 1976.
NTSB Aviation Accident Report, “Pan American World Airways, Inc., Clipper 759, Boeing 727-235, N4737, New Orleans International Airport, Kenner, Louisiana, July 9, 1982.” AAR-83-02, 1983.
NTSB Aviation Accident Report, “Delta Air Lines, Inc., Lockheed L-1011-385-1, N726DA, Dallas/Fort-Worth International Airport, Texas, August 2, 1985.” AAR-86-05, 1986.
NTSB Aviation Accident Report, “Runway Overrun During Landing, American Airlines Flight 1420, McDonnell Douglas MD-82, N215AA, Little Rock, Arkansas, June 1, 1999.” AAR-01-02, 2001.
NTSB Aviation Accident Report, “United Airline Flight 585 Aircraft Accident Report” AAR-92-06, 1992.
Oseguera, R. M.; Bowles, R. L.; and Robinson, P. A., “Airborne In Situ Computation of the Wind Shear Hazard Index,” AIAA Paper 92-0291, 1992.
Pan, C.C. and Lan, C.E., “Estimation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Jet Transport Using Accident FDR Data,” AIAA Paper 2002-4494, Aug. 2002.
Park, Gary D., “Parameter Identification Technology Used in Determining In-Flight Airload Parameters,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.14, No.3, 1977, pp. 251-256.
Parks, E. K., Wingrove, R. C., Bach, R. E. and Mehta R. S., “Identification of Vortex-Induced Clear Air Turbulence Using Airline Flight Records,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.22, No.2, 1985, pp. 124-129.
Parks, Edwin K, Bach, Ralph E., and Shin Jae Ho, “Reconstruction of the 1994 Pittsburgh Airplane Accident Using a Computer Simulation,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.35, No.5, 1998, pp.665 -670.
Pototzky, A.S., Zeiler, T.A. and Perry, B., “Calculating Time-Correlated Gust Loads Using Matched Filter and Random Process Theories”, Journal of Aircraft, AIAA, Vol. 28, No. 5, pp. 346-352, May, 1991.
Proctor, F.H., Hinton, D.A., and Bowles, R.L., “A Windshear Hazard Index”, 9th Conference on Aviation, Range, and Aerospace Meteorology, American Meteorology Society, Orlando, Florida, Sept. 11-15, 2000.
Psiaki, Mark L., and Stengel, Robert F., “Optimal Aircraft Performance during Microburst Encounter,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.14, No.2, 1991, pp. 440-446.
Reid, Lloyd D., “Correlation Model for Turbulence along the Glide Path,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.15, No.1, 1978, pp. 13-20.
Reisenthe, P. H., "Development of a Nonlinear Indicial Model for Maneuvering Fighter Aircraft," AIAA Paper 96-0896, Jan. 1996.
Schweikhard, William, “A Method for In-Flight Measurement of Ground Effect on Fixed-Wing Aircraft,” J. of Aircraft, vol. 4, no. 2, Mar.–Apr. 1967, pp. 101–104.
Schneider, Harold, “Method of Modeling, Parameter and State Estimation of Nonlinear Systems,” Journal of Guidance and Control, Vol.3, No.2, 1980, pp. 97-98.
Sharon S. Graves, “Investigation of a Technique for Measuring Dynamic Ground Effect in a Subsonic Wind Tunnel,” NASA/CR-1999-209544, Aug. 1999.
Stengel, Robert F., “Some Effects of Parameter Variations on the Lateral-Directional Stability of Aircraft,” Journal of Guidance and Control, Vol.3, No.2, 1980, pp. 124-131.
Sri-Jayantha, M. and Stengel, Robert F., “Determination of Nonlinear Aerodynamic Coefficients Using the Estimation-Before-Modeling Method,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.25, No.9, 1988, pp. 796-804.
Sugeno, M. and Kang, G. T., “Structure Identifications of A Fuzzy Model and It’s Applications to Prediction of A Complex System,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vol.42, pp. 315-334, 1991.
Takagi, T. and Sugeno, M., “Fuzzy Identifications of systems and It’s Applications to Modeling and Control,” IEEE Trans. Systems, Man, and Cybern., Vol. SMC-15, pp. 116-132, 1985.
Tan, J., Xie, H., and Lee, Y.C., “Efficient Establishment of a Fuzzy Logic Model for Process Modeling and Control,” IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing, Vol. 8, NO. 1, Feb. 1995.
Thompson, Brian E. and Jang, Juneho, “Aerodynamic Efficiency of Wings in Rain,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.33, No.6, 1996, pp. 1047-1053.
Thompson, Brian E., Jang, J, and Dion, J. L., “Wing Performance in Moderate Rain,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.32, No.5, 1995, pp. 1034-1039.
Tischler, Mark B., “System Identification Requirements for high-Bandwidth Rotorcraft Flight Control System Design,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.13, No.5, 1990, pp. 835-841.
Tobak, Murray and Schiff, Lewis B., “Generalized Formulation of Nonlinear Pitch-Yaw-Roll Coupling: Part I-Nonaxisymmetric Bodies,” AIAA Journal, Vol.13, No.3, 1975, pp.323 -326.
Trankle, Thomas L. and Rabin, Uri H., “Maximum Likelihood Tuning of a Vehicle Motion Filter,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.13, No.5, 1990, pp. 842-849.
Visser, H. G., “Optimal Lateral-Escape Maneuvers for Microburst Encounters during Final Approach,” Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, Vol.17, No.6, 1994, pp.1235 -1240.
Visser, H. G., “Lateral Escape Guidance Strategies for Microburst Windshear Encounters,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.34, No.4, 1997, pp.514 -521.
Visser, H. G., “Minimax Optimal Control Analysis of Lateral Escape Maneuvers for Microburst Encounters,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.20, No.2, 1997, pp. 370-376.
Vicroy, D. D., “The Aerodynamic Effect of Heavy Rain on Airplane Performance,” AIAA Paper 90-3131, 1990.
Vicroy, D. D., “Assessment of Microburst Models for Downdraft Estimation,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 29, No. 6, pp 1043-1048, 1992.
Wang, Y. C., “Adaptive Fuzzy Controller,” Ph. D. dissertation, University of Colorado, 1990.
Wang, Z.; Lan, C. E. and Brandon, J. M., “Fuzzy Logic Modeling of Nonlinear Unsteady Aerodynamics,” AIAA Paper 98-4351, 1998.
Wang, Z.; Li, J. and Lan, C. E. “Estimation of unsteady aerodynamic models from flight test data”, AIAA 2001-4017.
Weng, C.-T., Ho, C.-S., and Guan, W.-L., “Landing Trajectory Analysis Using Microburst-Affected Flight Data”, Proceedings of The First Taiwan-Japan Workshop on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C., December 19, 2001.
Weng, C.-T., Ho, C.-S., and Guan, W.-L., “Wind Field Estimation Using Microburst Affected Flight Data,” Proceedings of The First Taiwan-Japan Workshop on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C., December 19, 2001.
Weng, C.-T., Ho, C.-S., and Guan, W.-L., “A Study on Windshear Identification,” AASRC Proceedings of Conference in Xi-An, China, Aug. 2003.
Weng, C.-T., Ho, C.-S., and Guan, W.-L., “A Study on Windshear Identification,” AASRC Proceedings of Conference in NCKU Taiwan, Dec. 2003.
Weng, C.-T., and Ho, C.-S., “Unsteady Aerodynamic Analysis under Windshear Effect by EKF Method on FDR Data,” ION NTM 2004, Jan. 2004.
Weng, C.-T.; Lan, C. E. and Ho, C.-S., “Aerodynamic Model Estimation and Analysis for A Jet Transport In A Landing Accident,” AIAA 2003-5699.
Weng, C.-T.; Lan, C. E. and Ho, C.-S., “Building A Nonlinear Unsteady Aerodynamic Model for A Windshear Related Jet Transport,” Transactions of the AASRC, 2004.
Weng, C.-T.; Lan, C. E. and Ho, C.-S., “Analysis of Dynamic Ground Effect for A Jet Transport in Crosswind,”AIAA-2004-5066.
Wells, William R. and Queijo, M. J., “Simplified Unsteady Aerodynamic Concepts with Application to Parameter Estimation,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.16, No.2, 1979, pp. 90-94.
Wingrove, R.C., Bach, R.E., “Applications of State Estimation in Aircraft Flight Data Analysis,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 22, No. 7, 1985, pp. 547-554.
Wingrove, Rodney C., “Quasi-Linearization Technique for Estimating Aircraft States from Flight Data,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol.10, No.5, 1973, pp. 303-307.
Zhao, Yiyuan and Bryson, A. E.,“ Control of an Aircraft in Downbursts,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.13, No.5, 1990, pp.819 -823.
Zhao, Yiyuan and Bryson, A. E., “Optimal Paths through Downbursts,” Journal of Guidance, Vol.13, No.5, 1990, pp. 813-818.