| 研究生: |
廖健閔 Liau, Jian-Min |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
設備運用滑動摩擦增補阻尼器隔振研究 A study on Seismic Capacity of Equipment with Sliding Frictional Isolator and Viscous Damper |
| 指導教授: |
姚昭智
Yao, Gao-Chi |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系 Department of Architecture |
| 論文出版年: | 2004 |
| 畢業學年度: | 92 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 137 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 阻尼器 、近遠域地震波 、樓版震波 、滑動摩擦隔震系統 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | sliding frictional isolator, floor response wave, damper, near and far field earthquake |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:76 下載:4 |
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摘 要
關鍵詞: 近遠域地震波 樓版震波 滑動摩擦隔震系統 阻尼器
滑動摩擦隔震裝置即是於結構基礎底板下設置一低摩擦係數之滑移層,以阻隔地震力,降低上部結構於地震下之反應。
滑動摩擦隔震裝置運用於結構體或室內設備物上,兩者差異在於設備物因裝設空間有限,無法容許大幅度的滑動位移,反而較能接受略大的加速度。因此在考量設備物裝設滑動摩擦隔震裝置時,需考慮在有限位移量的限制下達到降低反應加速度之目的。裝置於不同類型建築中的設備物,會因建築物之共振,進而使震動特性改變,連帶影響隔震系統之設計。故本研究針對上述特性之設備提出一套平面滑動式摩擦隔震系統,並利用增補阻尼器方式,藉以達成隔震與消耗地震輸入設備物能量之目的。
透過振動台試驗與電腦模擬,本研究針對不同層高建物中設備裝設平面滑動隔震系統之減震效益以及增補阻尼器之選擇方式提出以下結果:
1. 近域震波低頻分量傳遞至樓版後並不會消失。
2. 設備物裝設平面滑動摩擦隔震系統後,將有助於降低地震侵襲時設備之反應加速度,並且透過增補阻器方式可控制滑動位移的大小且不致大幅引起反應加速度之上升。
3. 降低滑動面摩擦係數可進一步降低設備物之反應加速度,且選擇增補阻尼器之平面滑動隔震系統,為兼具位移以及加速度控制之方案。
4. 於自振頻較高建物中之設備裝設增補阻尼器之平面滑動隔震系統,可選擇滑動介面摩擦係數低,搭配阻尼係數較低且非線性係數高於1.0之阻尼器,可達到較佳之減震效益。反之於自振頻較低建物中之設備裝設隔震系統則以搭配阻尼係數較高且非線性係數低於1.0之阻尼器為佳。
Abstract
Keywords: near and far field earthquake, floor response wave, damper ,sliding frictional isolator.
Sliding frictional isolator is composed of a low-friction-coefficient sliding surface below the main structure in order to reduce earthquake forces delivered to the main structure. This mechanism can reduce the response of structure in earthquakes.
The difference between installing a sliding frictional isolator for a structure and for an indoor equipment is that an equipment allows smaller space for displacement. Therefore, this thesis aims at reducing acceleration by applying sliding frictional isolator to an equipment and also minimizing displacement by viscous damper. Because building response may be amplified in EQ’s, isolators for equipment need to beware of this amplified floor motion. This thesis studies a type of sliding frictional isolator with flat surface. This mechanism can also disperse energy in an earthquake by added viscous dampers.
According to the result of shaking table test and computer simulation, this thesis finds that when applying a sliding frictional isolator to an equipment in buildings of different heights, the following conclusions are drawn:
1. Low frequency vibration of near field wave transmitted into a building does not dissipate their magnitude.
2. Applying sliding frictional isolator to equipment can reduce equipment acceleration, whereas react displacement can be controlled by damper.
3. Lower friction-coefficient sliding surface can further reduce response acceleration , whereas sliding frictional isolator with damper is a complete system in controlling acceleration and displacement.
4. Low friction-coefficient sliding surface , together with a low damping coefficient and nonlinear coefficient greater than 1.0 damper , is suggested when a sliding frictional isolator is applied to equipment on a building with high vibration frequency. On the other hand, damper with higher damping coefficient and nonlinear coefficient smaller than 1.0 is suggested when applied on equipment in a low-vibration-frequency building.
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