健大黴素是一種胺基多醣體的抗生素，主要被用來對抗格蘭氏陰性菌的感染；然而，在臨床上常會產生腎毒性等副作用。許多文獻指出，氧化性壓力可能與健大黴素所造成的腎毒性有關。芝麻油，在東方國家被認為是適合食用的油脂類及健康食品，具有高度的穩定性及抗氧化能力，然而芝麻油對健大黴素所引起大鼠腎臟傷害的作用仍不清楚。因此，本研究目的為探討芝麻油對健大黴素所引起大鼠腎臟傷害的影響。實驗動物給予健大黴素(100 mg/kg/d, sc)，並同時給予不同劑量芝麻油(0 ~ 8 ml/kg/d, oral)，連續七天後，收集動物尿液、血液及腎臟組織。結果顯示，芝麻油能具有改善腎小管組織壞死及肌酸酐清除率、降低血中尿素氮與肌酸酐含量、降低腎臟脂質過氧化情形、減少羥自由基含量、降低超氧陰離子及一氧化氮的生成、減少黃嘌呤氧化及誘導型一氧化氮合成的表現。在治療效應的實驗中，單一劑量的芝麻油(0 ~ 8 ml/kg, oral)，也能夠有效的減輕血中尿素氮及肌酸酐含量、減輕腎臟脂質過氧化、減少過氧亞硝基物、降低超氧陰離子及一氧化氮的生成。綜合以上結果，不論每日給予共七劑或只給予單一劑量的芝麻油皆可有效保護大鼠經健大黴素所誘發的腎臟傷害，其機制可能經由降低氧化壓力的產生，進而減緩腎臟之氧化性傷害。

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of sesame oil on gentamicin-induced renal damage in rats.
Design: ( i ) Rat renal injury was induced by gentamicin (100 mg/kg/d, sc), and sesame oil (ranging 0 to 8 ml/kg/d, orally) was given simultaneously for one week. ( ii ) In therapeutic experiment, a single dose of sesame oil (ranging 0 to 8 ml/kg, orally) was given after gentamicin administration. Serum renal function as well as renal lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite, superoxide anion, nitric oxide, xanthine oxidase, and nitric oxide synthase were determined 8 days post-treatment.
Results: ( i ) Daily supplement of sesame oil (a) attenuated renal tubular necrosis and creatinine clearance, (b) inhibited serum blood urea nitrogen,
creatinine levels, renal lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion, nitric oxide, xanthine oxidase, and nitric oxide synthase in gentamicin-treated rats.( ii ) A single dose of sesame oil ameliorated serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine levels and inhibited renal lipid peroxidation, peroxynitrite, superoxide anion and nitrite in gentamicin-treated rats.
Conclusion: Sesame oil might attenuate gentamicin-induced renal injury by inhibiting oxidative stress in rats, and might be a useful therapeutic agent.

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