背景
失智症者的認知與非認知功能的障礙會干擾他們的日常生活和活動且對失智照顧者具相當挑戰性。而絕大多數失智症者居住在家中由家庭成員承擔照顧責任。隨著病程的進展，失智症者的生活能力逐漸下降及出現精神行為症狀，導致家庭照顧需求及困難度急遽增加，故需要發展以家庭為中心的整合式照護介入模式，將個案與整個家庭視為一個整體，由不同的健康照護專業領域共同擬定照顧計畫與提供照顧技巧與相關資訊，以改善照顧者照護能力及提升照護成效，使得失智症者及其家庭能正常運作。因此發展了失智症跨專業照護諮詢模式，期望解決多專業失智症照護諮詢在資源分散、需要各專業協調以及服務重疊或間隙的挑戰，而失智症跨專業照護諮詢為單一窗口，旨在提高效率，改善團隊協調和溝通，提供更加流暢的失智症照護方法。鑑於此，有必要檢驗這兩種模型的獨特效果。為了幫助確定最具成本效益的照護方法以優化資源分配，並促進失智症照護服務的持續改進。
目的
本研究探討跨專業照護諮詢與多專業失智症照護諮詢相比較對於家庭照顧者照顧能力與心理困擾之成效探討。
方法
本研究為實驗性設計，為二組的對照試驗，於南部某醫學中心失智症照顧諮詢門診收案，介入前進行前測，介入後各組都分別於第3個月、第6個月與第12個月進行共計12個月的追蹤測量。主要測量工具包含照顧能力量表、照護需求量表中的照顧者心理困擾次量表，資料之組內與組間變化採用意向分析並以線性回歸運用廣義估計方程式(GEE)進行統計分析。
結果
共68名參與者被分配到多專業失智症照護諮詢組（33人）或失智症跨專業照護諮詢組（35人）；其中63人（佔93%）在3個月後進行追蹤，60人（佔88%）在6個月後進行追蹤，56人（佔82%）在12個月後完成追蹤。在照護能力部份，調整人口學變項後，時間交互作用在組內達顯著差異（Wald x^2= 22.20, p < .001），在追蹤測量（T3-T0）中，多專業失智症照護諮詢組與基線相比增加了8.21分（p = .001），失智症跨專業照護諮詢組增加了6.97分（p = .001），顯示照護能力分數在兩組中隨時間顯著增加。但是失智症跨專業照護諮詢組對於提升參與者照顧能力的效果並不比多專業失智症照護諮詢更有效(T3-T0 , p = .601)。在心理壓力部分，結果顯示組內時間交互作用並不顯著（Wald x^2 = .518, p > .05，在追蹤測量（T3-T0）中，與基線相比的平均心理壓力分數，多專業失智症照護諮詢組雖減少了0.51分（p = .611），失智症跨專業照護諮詢組雖減少了0.61分（p = .496），兩組都未達到統計學上的顯著性。另外就心理壓力改善而言，T3-T0 (0.15分, p = .895)，多專業失智症照護諮詢組和失智症跨專業照護諮詢組之間沒有顯著的差異。研究結束時，對二組進行了失智症照護諮詢助益程度調查，多專業失智症照護諮詢組，平均得分為32.08 ± 9.13，失智症跨專業照護諮詢組平均得分數為37.18 ± 5.66顯示失智症跨專業照護諮詢組的反饋顯著優於專業失智症照護諮詢組（p = .016）。
結論
研究顯示多專業失智症照護諮詢組與失智症跨專業照護諮詢組對於提升照顧者照顧能力同樣有效，然二種模式對照顧者心理困擾未顯出效果。

Background
The cognitive and functional impairments in people with dementia interfere with their daily life and activities, presenting significant challenges to dementia caregivers. Most people with dementia live at home where family members bear the caregiving responsibilities. As the disease progresses, the decline in daily activity skills and the emergence of neuropsychiatric symptoms lead to a rapid increase in family care needs and difficulties. Therefore, there was a need to develop an integrated, family-centered care intervention model. This model views the people with dementia and their family as a whole, with care plans and caregiving skills and information provided by various health care professionals to improve caregiver competence and care effects, thereby enabling the functioning of people with dementia and their families. Consequently, a transdisciplinary dementia care consultation (TDCC) model was developed, aiming to address challenges faced in multidisciplinary dementia care consultation (MDCC), such as resource dispersion, the need for individual professional coordination, and the risk of service overlap or gaps. This single-window approach seeks to enhance efficiency, improve team coordination and communication, and offer a more streamlined method for dementia care. Considering these differences, it is necessary to examine the distinct effects of these two models to help determine the most cost-effective care approaches, optimize resource allocation, and promote the continuous improvement of dementia care services.
Objective
This study aims to explore the distinct effects of TDCC and MDCC on the care competence and psychological distress of family caregivers.
Methods
This experimental study was a two-group controlled trial conducted at a dementia care consultation clinic in a medical center in southern Taiwan. Baseline measurements were taken before the intervention, and follow-up measurements were conducted at the 3rd, 6th, and 12th months, totaling one-year period. Primary measurement instruments included care competence scale and the psychological distress subscale of the caregiving needs scale. Within-group and between-group differences were analyzed using intention-to-treat analysis and linear regression through generalized estimating equations (GEE) method.
Results
A total of 68 participants were assigned to the MDCC group (n=33) or the TDCC group (n=35), and later, 63 participants (93%) were followed up after 3 months, 60 (88%) after 6 months, and 56 (82%) completed the 12-month follow-up. In regarding to care competence, after adjusting for demographic variables, a significant within-group time interaction was observed (Wald x^2= 22.20, p < .001). In the follow-up measurement (T3-T0), the MDCC group increased by 8.21 points (p = .001) compared to baseline, and the TDCC group increased by 6.97 points (p = .001), showing significant increases in care competence scores in both groups. However, the TDCC group was not more effective than the MDCC group in enhancing participants' care competence scores (T3-T0, p = .601). In terms of psychological stress, within-group time interaction was not significant (Wald x^2 = .518, p > .05). Compared to baseline, the average psychological stress score decreased by 0.51 points (p = .611) in the MDCC group and by 0.61 points (p = .496) in the TDCC group at follow-up (T3-T0), with neither group reaching statistical significance. Also, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of improvement in psychological distress (0.15 points, p = .895). At the end of the study, a survey on the helpfulness of dementia care consultations was conducted for both groups, with the MDCC group scoring an average of 32.08 ± 9.13, and the TDCC group scoring 37.18 ± 5.66, indicating that feedback from the TDCC group was significantly better than the MDCC group (p = .016).
Conclusion
The study demonstrated that both the MDCC and TDCC groups are equally effective in enhancing the care competence of caregivers. Therefore, neither of these models showed an effect on reducing the psychological distress of caregivers.

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