背景與目的：研究顯示發展性協調障礙兒童(developmental coordination disorder)的體適能較一般發展兒童差，此體適能的問題可能源自於他們的動作能力缺失所引起的體能活動機會較少。不良的體適能有較高的風險會造成健康相關的問題，例如肥胖、呼吸循環功能不良和代謝性疾病症候，因此改善發展性協調障礙兒童的動作能力與體適能是重要的課題。雖然傳統的物理治療，例如任務導向的運動訓練，證明可以有效地改善兒童的運動技能，但是對體適能的影響尚不清楚；此外，孩子們通常覺得這種訓練方式很無聊，缺少動機與持久性。虛擬實境新科技設備具新鮮感，兒童多數喜愛。故本研究是探討運用虛擬實境設計活動對提昇發展性協調障礙學齡兒童體適能之成效。

方法：本研究共28名發展性協調障礙兒童參加。他們被隨機分為兩組(訓練組和對照組)。訓練組接受每天20分鐘的虛擬實境活動，每週2天，共8週虛擬實境體能活動。控制組保持原來的日常活動。主要結果測量是柔軟度、肌肉適能、心肺適能和身體組成。分別以坐姿體前彎測試、第二版布魯茵克斯-歐西瑞斯基動作能力測驗的肌力子項目、Léger 20公尺折返跑測試和身體質量指數為測試項目。本研究透過獨立樣本t檢定來檢驗兩組的基本資料是否有差異；用卡方檢定去測量兩組的性別是否有差異；兩組兒童體適能表現的前測與後測方面，會依時間(前測與後測)與組別(訓練組與控制組)用重複測量變異數分析，事後分析用成對樣本t檢定檢測各組前測與後測間的變化是否有差異；統計考驗值訂於p值< 0.05。

結果：訓練組和對照組在肌肉適能、心肺適能和身體組成上的前後測表現上具有顯著的相互作用，而在柔軟度上沒有影響。事後檢驗顯示訓練組的在Léger 20公尺折返跑測試從132.00 ± 65.38 公尺進步到206.67 ± 59.84 公尺 (p值 < 0.001)、第二版布魯茵克斯-歐西瑞斯基動作能力測驗的肌力子項目測試從17.80 ± 3.91分進步到 22.07 ± 2.91分 (p值 = 0.001)；訓練組的身體質量組成數值從18.96 ± 3.97公斤/平方公尺到19.14 ± 4.05公斤/平方公尺 (p值 > 0.05)，前後測間沒有顯著性變化，但是對照組的身體質量組成數值從17.93 ± 3.67公斤/平方公尺 增長到20.26 ± 3.94公斤/平方公尺 (p值 < 0.05)，前後測間有達顯著性增加。

結論：藉由虛擬實境所設計的活動可提升與改善發展性協調障礙兒童的肌肉適能、心肺適能和身體組成。虛擬實境所設計的活動提供發展性協調障礙兒童另一種可以改善體適能的選項，特別是在較無法獲得專業醫療資源的兒童也能接受到好的治療。

Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) showed poorer physical fitness (PF) than typically developing children. Poor PF may lead to health-related problems, for examples, obesity and cardiorespiratory problems. Traditional physical therapy proved to be effective for intervention on perceptual-motor skills. However, their effect on PF is unclear. In additions, children usually felt such interventions boring. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of application of virtual reality (VR) program on PF in school-age children with DCD. Twenty-eight children with DCD participated in the study. They are randomly divided into two groups (training group and control group). Training group received VR program 20-minute a day, 2 days a week, for 8 weeks. Control group maintained their original daily activities. The primary outcome measures were flexibility, muscle strength, cardiopulmonary fitness and body compositions. They were respectively tested with sit and reach test, subtest of strength in BOT-2 total point score, 20-meter shuttle run test (20-mSRT) and body mass index (BMI). The result of study showed that training group and control group had significance interaction effect on muscular fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition. No effect on flexibility. VR program provided a positive training effect on muscular fitness and cardiorespiratory fitness and maintained body composition. VR may provide an alternative therapy to improve physical fitness in children with DCD

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