研究背景與目的
過去研究多指出婦女在停經時期會出現憂鬱症狀是因為其雌激素降低之故，然而也有其他研究指出生活事件與社會支持也是影響婦女出現憂鬱症狀的相關因素；此外，婦女的過去憂鬱病史(包括重鬱症、產後憂鬱、低落性情感疾患)、月經前心情惡劣疾患等也被認為與婦女停經時期的憂鬱症狀有關。本研究的主要目的為控制過去憂鬱病史、月經前心情惡劣疾患、荷爾蒙替代療法使用情形、血管舒縮症狀等混淆變項後，探討停經階段、負向生活事件與社會支持對婦女憂鬱症狀的影響。

研究方法
本研究取樣自台南市40-60歲社區婦女，以叢集抽樣取樣東區大學里與東門里、北區國興里、中西區民生里與永華里等五里。自戶政事務所取得婦女名單後，請里鄰長協助發放與回收問卷，進行第一階段之社會人口學資料、身心症狀評量表與柯氏憂鬱量表等的收集，此階段不納入不識字婦女。回收資料後將婦女依自陳之經期情形區分為停經前期、中期、後期，及手術停經組等四組，排除手術停經婦女後，再電邀婦女參與第二階段之生活事件量表與社會支援量表之填寫，並以「終生精神疾病診斷量表」（the Modified Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Lifetime Version）進行半結構式診斷晤談以評估其終生精神病史。共有320位婦女參與第一階段問卷填答；188位婦女參與第二階段之研究，92位為停經前期，37位屬停經中期，59位為停經後期。

研究結果
研究發現如下：以柯氏憂鬱量表得分為效標變項，過去憂鬱病史、月經前心情惡劣疾患（階層一）、荷爾蒙替代療法使用情形、血管舒縮症狀、停經階段（階層二）、負向生活事件（階層三）、社會支持（階層四）、停經階段x負向生活事件、停經階段x社會支持、社會支持x負向生活事件、停經階段x負向生活事件x社會支持（階層五）為預測變項，進行階層多元迴歸分析。結果顯示控制過去憂鬱病史、月經前心情惡劣疾患、荷爾蒙替代療法使用情形與血管舒縮症狀等混淆變項的影響後，停經階段x負向生活事件x社會支持之三因子交互作用達顯著水準。進一步分析發現：對社會支持程度高之婦女而言，停經階段或負向生活事件無法預測憂鬱症狀，而社會支持程度低組，其停經階段與負向生活事件之交互作用達顯著水準；再針對此交互作用進行分析，結果顯示對社會支持程度低婦女而言，當其處於停經後期時，負向生活事件對憂鬱症狀的預測力達顯著水準。

結論
研究發現對社會支持度低，且處於停經後期的婦女而言，負向生活事件對於婦女的憂鬱症狀才具有顯著影響力；但對社會支持度高的婦女而言，停經階段與負向生活事件未與憂鬱症狀有所關聯。

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