大氣中二氧化碳濃度上升的情況已備受矚目，再生資源將有助於減緩二氧化碳的排放，其中生質能源就是解決方案之一。光合生物能將空氣中的二氧化碳固定下來轉化成生質體，而這些生質體可作為生質燃料，其中藍綠菌及微藻比起陸生植物有10-50倍的生長速率及光合作用效率。
此外，工業及畜牧業所產生的新興污染物，如內分泌干擾物質(雌激素)是無法被傳統的污水處理廠有效去除，故排放至環境中會影響生態以及人類的健康，特別是雌激素中的雌二醇更是造成動物雌性化的主要物質。而近年來藍綠菌及微藻的相關研究顯示，將它們運用在污水處理系統當中能有效的去除這類的新興無染物。
因此，本研究旨在利用藍綠菌處理系統，固定煙道氣中之二氧化碳，產生生質燃料(單醣)，並同時降解雌二醇。在本研究中選擇嗜熱藍綠菌Thermosynechococcus sp. CL-1 (TCL-1)作為實驗菌種，固定二氧化碳並運用氮缺乏的培養條件(0.58、2.9、5.8、8.7 mM)找出最佳單醣產率的條件，再藉由添加不同濃度的雌二醇(0.5、1.0、5.0 mg/L)探討雌二醇對TCL-1系統單醣產率的影響及TCL-1對雌二醇降解的能力。
研究結果顯示，在氮源為0.58 mM的條件下，TCL-1能達到最高的單醣產率35.4 mg/L/h。在雌二醇的試驗中，結果顯示雌二醇會很快地被TCL-1轉化成雌一醇，雌一醇隨後在此系統被降解。在雌二醇濃度為1.0 mg/L的條件下，TCL-1可對其達到最高的去除率69.4%；在5.0 mg/L的條件下，則有最高的去除速率0.201 mg/L/h。而在添加不同雌二醇濃度的情況下，並不會對TCL-1的單醣產能造成影響。

At present, people are paying great attention to reduce CO2 emissions and developing renewable and sustainable energy as a substitute for fossil fuels. Cyanobacteria and microalgae have become a promising solution to these two issues. They can use CO2 as a carbon source during photosynthesis processes, and the resulting biomass is rich in high energy potency ingredients that can be converted into various biofuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol.
In addition, the rapid growth of population activities in industrial and livestock has led to pollution of aquatic systems in the environment. The endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as estrogen, are the urgent pollutants to be managed. However, conventional wastewater treatment plants are not designed to treat these type of contaminants. Several studies have demonstrated that microalgae and cyanobacteria can be used in wastewater treatment which have the potential to degrade the estrogen.
This study aims to use a cyanobacterium treatment system which is capable of fixing CO2 from flue gas, producing the biofuels (monosaccharides) and degrading the estrogen. A nitrogen starvation cultivation strategy was applied to achieve greater carbohydrate (monosaccharides) productivity with a thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus sp. CL-1 (TCL-1) culture, and evaluating the effect of E2 on monosaccharides production and CO2 fixation under various E2 concentrations.
In the assay of nitrogen starvation, the results show that the optimal monosaccharide content and productivity are 39.1% and 35.4 mg/L/h, respectively, under 0.58 mM initial nitrate concentration with 2,000 μE/m2/s light intensity. The optimal biomass productivity and CO2 fixation rate are 96.9 mg/L/h and 145.1 mg/L/h, respectively, under 2.9 mM initial nitrate concentration with 2,000 μE/m2/s light intensity. In the assay of various estrogen concentrations, the results show that E2 concentration immediately drops and is readily transformed into estrone (E1), then E1 is degraded by TCL-1 in the cultivation system. The highest estrogen removal efficiency and degradation rate constant by TCL-1 are 69.4% and 0.0765 h-1, respectively, under 1.0 mg/L initial E2 concentration with 2,000 μE/m2/s light intensity. The highest estrogen removal rate by TCL-1 is 0.201 mg/L/h under 5.0 mg/L initial E2 concentration with 2,000 μE/m2/s light intensity. The addition of E2 concentration until 5.0 mg/L has a minor impact on the physiological metabolism and monosaccharides content of TCL-1.

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