多向性幹細胞是現今臨床研究與醫療上細胞療法與基因療法的主要素材，而在再生醫學、組織工程、藥理研究開發上也深具應用潛能。最近的研究發現，在胎兒或新生兒的組織中普遍有著幹細胞的存在，因此我們合理的推測胎盤組織中也可能存在著較原始具分化潛能的幹細胞。本研究利用適當之培養條件成功的從胎盤中培養出間葉幹細胞，此細胞呈現類似纖維母細胞之外觀，表達ABCG2, CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105，不表現SSEA-4, HLA-DR, CD18, CD31, CD45, CD117, CD133…等細胞標誌，與目前所知間葉幹細胞的標誌類似，且經由適當的誘導能朝向脂肪、成骨細胞之分化，顯示此細胞仍保有分化之潛能，除此之外此細胞還有HOX-b4、Bmi-1、Oct-4、Rex-1等幹細胞相關功能基因之表達。
在證實胎盤中的確能夠分離、培養出間葉幹細胞之後，更深入一步進行初始胎盤細胞中間葉幹細胞之鑑定，結果發現一般間葉幹細胞所表達之細胞標誌也普遍表達於其他細胞中，而其中較重要的是只有約1%的細胞有CD90的表達，且經由雙重免疫螢光染色以及CD90+細胞分選實驗後發現，CD90+之細胞也會同時表達ABCG2、CD9、CD29、CD73和CD105，而CD90+之細胞只有部分細胞表達CD44，CD44+/CD90+細胞所呈現的細胞標誌特徵與目前所知的間葉幹細胞類似，因此很可能CD90+/CD44+之細胞群即可視為是初始胎盤細胞中的間葉幹細胞。

Multipotent stem cells can be applied in clinical medicine for gene therapy and cell therapy. Stem cells have great promise as tools for regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and pharmaceutical research. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated and identified from various adult and fetal tissues. In this investigation, we isolated mesenchymal stem cells from termed placenta. The placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibit fibroblast-like morphology and express ABCG2, CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105 but not SSEA-4, HLA-DR, CD18, CD31, CD45, CD117, CD133. These cells have multilineage potential because they were able to differentiate into cells of adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. The placenta-derived MSCs were also demonstrated to express the mRNA of HOX-b4, Bmi-1, Oct-4, and Rex-1 by reverse transcription PCR.
The population of cells flushed from placenta was further investigated by flow cytometry and only about 1% population was found to be positive for CD90. Through double immunofluorescent staining and confirmation by fluorescent activated cell sorting of the CD90+ cells, they were found to co-express with ABCG2, CD9, CD29, CD73, and CD105, but only part with CD44. It is possible that the subpopulation of CD90+/CD44+ cells could be regarded as one primitive population of MSCs from placenta.

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