本研究係利用抗壓、流度、擴散、壓汞、酚酞等試驗結果做巨觀性質與行為之分析，復輔以同步輻射、掃瞄式電子顯微鏡及X光能量散佈儀等進行微觀試驗，以了解強度發展情形與微觀結構，探討添加樹脂/木質素之水泥砂漿與製配相同配比之水泥砂漿，在不同水灰比條件下作比對，對耐久性之影響。
試驗結果顯示:
1. 添加樹脂/木質素的袋裝粉光水泥砂，其流動度優於其他，擴散濃度最低，耐久性最佳。
2. 水灰比愈大，擴散濃度有增加趨勢，抗壓強度相對減低，耐久性愈差。
3. 試驗的水泥砂材料由於粒徑很小，中性化程度相當微小。

This paper is mainly to explore the impact of various water-cement ratios on the durability of cement mortars and cement mortars with lignin additions. To understand the distinctive properties of cement mortars comprehensively, two approaches were adopted in this study. The first approach is applied to determine the macro properties of cement mortars and its implied behaviors through the tests of Compressive Strength, Flow Table, Diffusion, Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry, and Phenolphalein. The second approach is applied to analyze the microstructures of cement mortars and the strength development through the tests of Synchrotron Radiation Accelerator, Scanning Electron Microscope and X-Ray Energy Dispersive Spectrometer.
The results of the investigation are summarized as below:
1. A commercial package of cement mortars with lignin addition gives better flow ability, comparing with those without lignin additions. It also indicates the lowest degree of diffusion, hence, the best in durability.
2. Higher water-cement ratio will induce higher degree of diffusion. As a result, compressive strength is reduced relatively which lead to weaker durability.
3. Carbonation degree is insignificant while cement mortars materials tested in this study are physically small in diameters.

1. Sideny Mindess and Young, J. Francis “ Concrete,” Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. PP. 13~109,302~319,381~395 （1981）.
2. 蔡政博，「水泥製造學」，益群書店，台北，PP. 1~29,195~207（1996）。
3. 黃兆龍，「混凝土性質與行為」，詹氏書局，台北，PP. 19~105 ,591~595（1997）。
4. 林仁益、沈永年、王和源、郭文田，「混凝土技術」，全華圖書，台北，PP. 3-7 (2002)。
5. 行政院同步輻射研究中心，「同步輻射簡介」，新竹，PP. 5~9（1990）。
6. 謝行恕、賈成芝，「同步輻射X射線顯微成像」，聯經，台北，PP. 5-14（1995）。
7. Winick, H., “Synchrotron Radiation Research,” New York, PP. 11~25 （1980）.
8. 張炳坤、黃兆龍、蔡宗勳，「以同步輻射解析高性能混凝土漿體水化性質之研究」，中國土木水利工程學刊，第十一卷，第二期，PP. 411~417 （1999）。
9. 蔣國鈺、王櫻茂，「混泥土質流行為與耐久性之關係」，碩士論文，成功大學，台南，PP. 54~60（2000）。
10. G. H. Tattersall and P. F. G Banfill, “The Rheology of Fresh Concrete,” London, PP. 1~26, 254~305（1991）.
11. ACI Committee 201， “Guide to Durable Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 88, No. 5, Sep.-Oct., PP. 544~582 （1991）.

12. 王櫻茂，「混凝土結構物的耐久性系列 － 鹼骨材反應（I）. 中性化（II）」，成大土木結構材料試驗室，台南，PP. 278~283,308~330，331~338（2000）。
13. Mehta, P. K. and B.C. Gerwick, Journal of Concrete International, Vol. 4 , PP. 45~51 （1982）.
14. Mehta, P. K. and J. M. Monteior, “Concrete Structures, Properties and Materials”, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey, PP. 122（1993）.
15. J. Glanville & A. Neville, “Prediction of Concrete Durability”, Proceedings of Stats 21st Anniversary Conference, E&FN Spon, London, PP. 97 （1997）.
16. S. Goto ＆ D. M. Roy, “Diffusion of Ions Through Hardened Cement Pastes,” Cement and Conrete Research, Vol.11., PP. 751~757 （1981）.
17. D. M. Roy & G.M. Idorn, “ Hydration, Structure, and Properties of Blast Furnance Slag Cement, Mortars Concrete,” Journal of The ACI, PP. 444~457, Nov. –Dec. （1982）.
18. 內川浩 etal., “ Influence of Character of Blending Component on the Diffsion of Na and Cl ions in Hardened Blended Cement Paste,” 小野田研究報告，第39卷，第一冊，第116號，PP. 19~28（1987）.
19. P. G. Shwemon＆Mc Graw-Hill, “ Diffusion in Solids,” New York, PP. 1~14（1963）.
20. 川上英男， 「“ コンクリ-ト中への鹽化物浸透機構”特集*鐵筋コンクリ-ト構造物の鹽害劣化」, Vol.25,No.11 (1987)。
21. 黃兆龍、洪文方，「水泥漿體孔隙結構及其量測」，營建工程技術第八期，PP. 339~354（1985）。
22. A. Bentur Etal., “ Structure Properties of Calcium Silicate Pastes：II. Effect of Curing Temperature,” Journal of The American Ceramic Society, Vol. 62, No. 7-8, PP. 362 ~ 366（1983）.
23. P. K. Mehta, “Pozzolanic and Cementitious Byproducts as Mineral Admixtures for Concrete – A Critical Review”，ACI sp-79, PP. 1~46 (1983).
24. 苗伯霖，「波索蘭材料導致混凝土中性化問題之探討」，營建知訊，第165卷，PP. 20~25 (1996)。
25. 張炳坤、彭耀南，「SRA解析水泥水化行為之研究」，博士論文，交通大學，新竹，PP. 40~42（2001）。
26. Hwang, C.L., and D.H. Shen, “ The Effect of Blast –Furnace Slag and Fly Ash on the Hydration of Portland Cement,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vo. 21, No. 4, PP. 410 ~425（1991）.
27. Seishi Goto and Della M. Roy, “ Diffusion of Ions. Through Hardened Cement Pastes,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol.11. PP. 751 ~757 （1981）.
28. Teo,B.K.,“EXAFS:Basic Principles and Data Analysis, ” Springer-Verlag, Berlin, PP. 28~72 (1986).
29. Stern, E. A., “X-ray Absorption: Principles, Applications, Techniques of EXAFS, SEXAFS, and XANES, ” New York, PP. 3~51 (1988).
30. Hendrson, E., X. Turrillas, and P. Barnes, “Hydration behavior of simulated high-performance concrete pastes using synchrotron energy-dispersive diffraction, ” Advances in Cement Research, Vol. 6, No. 24, PP. 173~182 (1994).
31. Pratt, P.L., “Mechanisms of Hydration of Portland Cement Characterization and Performance Prediction of Cement and Concrete”, Henniker, PP. 51~58 (1982).