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研究生： 郭許良
Kuo, Hsu-Liang
論文名稱： 離岸變電站自動化設計程式之建立
Development of Design and Automation Program for Offshore Substations
指導教授： 朱聖浩
Ju, Shen-Haw
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年： 2022
畢業學年度： 110
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 107
中文關鍵詞： 離岸變電站 、自動化設計程式 、鋼結構設計 、離岸變電站風力分析
外文關鍵詞： Offshore substations, Automation design program, Steel structure design, Wind analysis of offshore substations
相關次數： 點閱：48  下載：22 
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    • 台灣西部外海有著全世界數一數二的風場，因此具有相當大的優勢發展離岸風電，這幾年台灣政府正大力推行離岸風電。隨著離岸風機數量越來越多，離岸變電站的出現是必要的。離岸變電站的目的是將風機產生的能量匯集並傳回陸地上的變電站，以連接陸地上的電網，並藉由提高電壓的方式減少傳輸時能量的損失。本研究建立了一個離岸變電站的自動化設計程式，讓使用者在設計時可以依不同環境做基本的模擬。本程式可以在不同風浪狀態對結構進行模擬，另外也考量颱風及地震等極端環境對結構的影響。研究著重於離岸變電站在不同環境條件下的設計，依照DNVGL-ST-0145以及API RP 2A-LRFD (2019) 來定義設計時的極限狀態。考量到風力對於離岸結構是一個重大的影響因子，本研究針對風力部份有進行進一步的探討，以求更適當的模擬離岸變電站的風力。設計荷載的部分以IEC規範中風機設計荷載為參考，定義出使用於離岸變電站的設計荷載，而這些設計荷載也包括了極端氣候如颱風及地震的考量。離岸變電站不必如風機須考慮不同運行狀態時的設計荷載，因此所考量的載重組合會比風機少。在鋼結構設計部分，鋼管的設計採用了API RP 2A-LRFD (2019)，而在H型鋼的設計則採用AISC 360-16做設計，研究團隊也開發鋼構設計程式結合了此兩種規範去做分析及設計。最後由分析出來模型結果的結果進行討論。本論文中電腦輔助程式皆由朱聖浩教授團隊所研發，且研究資料及分析程式為公開資源供大眾使用。

    There are many world-renowned wind fields on the west coast of Taiwan. The development of offshore wind power has considerable advantages. In recent years, the Taiwanese government has vigorously promoted renewable energy, especially wind power. With the increasing number of offshore wind turbines, the emergence of offshore substations (OSS) is necessary. The propose of OSS is to collect and transmit the energy generated by wind turbines, transmit it back to the substation onshore for connection to the onshore gird. The purpose of OSS is to reduce the energy loss during transmission by increasing the voltage. In the thesis, an automated program for OSS is established that allows users to perform basic simulations. The study focuses on the OSS design under different environmental conditions, and limit states are defined according to DNVGL-ST-0145 and API RP 2A-LRFD (2019). Considering that wind is a significant factor affecting offshore structures, the study also discusses wind loads applicable to OSS. Design load cases for OSS are defined with reference to wind turbine design load cases in the IEC code. The OSS does not have to consider as many design load cases as the wind turbine, so the load cases will be less than wind turbine load cases. In the steel design part, the design of steel pipes uses API RP 2A-LRFD (2019), and the I-shaped beam design uses AISC 360-16. The results of the analysis are discussed, and some recommendations are made at the end. The programs in the thesis are all developed by Ju’s team, and all of the analysis programs are public resources.

    摘要 I Abstract II Acknowledgement III Contents IV List of Tables VI List of Figure VIII Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Purpose 1 1.2 Literature Review 2 1.2.1 Study on Offshore Substation 2 1.2.2 Study on Wind load Standard 2 1.2.3 Study on Wind load 3 1.3 Overview 5 Chapter 2 Study on Offshore Substation 6 2.1 Environmental Conditions 8 2.2 Limit States 8 2.3 Design Loads and Load Effect 10 2.3.1 Design Loads 10 2.3.2 Load effect in DNV Standard 13 2.3.3 Load effect in API Standard 13 Chapter 3 OSS Wind Load Analysis 16 3.1 Wind Modelling 16 3.1.1 Mean Wind Speed 16 3.1.2 Wind Speed Profiles 16 3.1.3 Turbulence 18 3.1.4 Wind Spectra 19 3.1.5 Wind Autocorrelation Function and Coherence Spectrum 20 3.2 Wind Loads 22 3.2.1 Wind Pressure 22 3.2.2 Wind Forces 24 3.2.3 Across-wind Load 24 3.3 OSS Wind Load Simulation 26 Chapter 4 Steel Design 29 4.1 API-2A-LRFD Tubular Member Design 29 4.1.1 Axial Tension 29 4.1.2 Axial Compression 29 4.1.3 Bending 31 4.1.4 Shear 32 4.1.5 Hydrostatic Pressure 32 4.1.6 Tubular Members without Hydrostatic Pressure 34 4.1.7 Tubular Members with Hydrostatic Pressure 35 4.2 AISC 360-16 for I-Shaped Section Steel Design 35 4.2.1 Design of Members for Tensile 36 4.2.2 Design of Members for Compressive 36 4.2.3 Design Members for Flexure 38 4.2.4 Design Members for Shear 45 4.2.5 Design Members for Combined Forces 47 Chapter 5 Automation Program for OSS 49 5.1 Newmark Nonlinear Time History Analysis 49 5.2 Model Building 50 5.2.1 Superstructure Structure Establishment 51 5.2.2 “subDNVGLST0145.r1” File 59 5.3 Model Loading Assumptions 72 5.3.1 Permanent Loads 72 5.3.2 Environmental Loads 73 5.3.3 Seismic Data Performing 74 5.4 Combining Files and Analysis 78 Chapter 6 Case Study and Result Discussion 80 6.1 Model Instruction 80 6.2 Design Load Cases 83 6.2.1 Dead and Live Loads on the Model 83 6.2.2 Environmental Loads on the Model 84 6.3 Results and Discussions 87 6.3.1 Water Level Equal to 50m 87 6.3.2 Water Level Equal to 70m 94 Chapter 7 Conclusions 101 7.1 Conclusions 101 7.2 Future Works 102 References 104

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